智能障礙兒童的認知發展受限，傳統的教育與心理介入方式雖有助於特定能 力的提升，但其效果往往有限，無法全面改善學業成就與神經認知功能。近年來， 研究顯示運動能夠促進大腦前額葉、扣帶皮質及腦源性神經營養因子（BDNF）的 活化，進而增強計畫能力、認知靈活度及注意力。本研究透過Airiti Library、PubMed、 ScienceDirect 及ERIC 等資料庫進行文獻搜尋，綜合研究結果，提出適應體育的新 概念。相較於傳統適應體育僅強調社會融合，本文強調運動可帶來全方位的認知 與心理健康效益。然而，並非所有運動皆能產生正向效果，適當的運動強度、頻 率及模式才是關鍵。統整相關研究建議智能障礙兒童每週進行3-5 次，每次30-60 分鐘的適應體育活動，包含有氧運動、節奏性運動及團體互動運動，以確保大腦 與身體能夠適應運動帶來的變化，並有效提升學習能力與生活品質。

Children with intellectual disabilities have limited cognitive development. While traditional educational and psychological interventions can help improve specific abilities, they are often limited in their effectiveness and fail to improve overall academic achievement and neurocognitive functioning. In recent years, studies have shown that exercise can enhance the activation of the frontal lobe, cingulate cortex, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which in turn enhances planning ability, cognitive flexibility, and attention span. In this study, we searched the literature through databases such as Airiti Library, PubMed, ScienceDirect and ERIC, and synthesized the findings to propose a new concept of adaptive sports. In contrast to traditional adaptive sports, which only focus on social integration, this paper emphasizes the holistic cognitive and mental health benefits of sport. However, not all sports can produce positive effects, and the appropriate intensity, frequency and mode of exercise are crucial. In order to ensure that the brain and body can adapt to the changes brought about by exercise, and to enhance learning ability and quality of life, it is recommended that children with intellectual disabilities should engage in adaptive physical activities for 30-60 minutes 3-5 times a week, including aerobic exercise, rhythmic exercise, and group interactive exercise.

運動、適應體育、神經心理、神經可塑性、神經傳遞物質、 智能障礙兒童

exercise, adapted physical education, neuropsychology, neuroplasticity, neurotransmitters, intellectually disabled children