蘇軾〈荔支歎〉是其惠州詩第一名篇，其作意來自於杜牧，然蘇軾借題發揮，引物連類，窮情盡變，由古轉今，由漢唐貢荔轉為本朝貢茶、貢花，巧妙地將譏刺對象由漢唐帝王權貴轉為本朝昏君佞臣，點名道姓，直斥其非，開門見山，毫無隱飾，獲得後人的一致推崇。蘇軾〈荔支歎〉的藝術技巧與思想意涵超越唐人，領先宋人，批判力更強，現實性更濃，同類詩作無出其右，堪稱是充滿創意的典範之作，值得我們深入研究。本文限於篇幅，僅就「引物連類、直斥本朝昏君佞臣」此一主題深入探討，先考論相關情事，以相關詩文、史事發明蘇軾詩心，以史證詩，以詩明史，詩文互證，闡發幽微，彰顯〈荔支歎〉詩義，再歸納其典範與創意，希望能言之有物，持論有據，而非浮談無根，空說泛論，庶免皮相之譏。

Su Shih’s “Sigh of the Lichee” is the most famous poem of hi Hui-chou period. The idea derived from Tu Fu and Su exhausted the possibilities by changing the contribution of the lichee to that of tea and flower. He slyly changed his target of sarcasm from the corrupted emperors and ministers of Han and Tang dynasties to the corrupted ones of his era. He even pointed out their names without camouflage. By so doing, he earned sincere praise from later generateons. The artistic skills and the philosophical connotations of the “Sigh of Lichee” went beyond the same kind of poetry by the Tang and Sung writers and established a new paradigm for the genre. Due to the limitation of the nature of my study, this paper only deals with the subject of blaming the corrupted. I will examine the related historical events in the first place and then prove the truthfulness of the events by lay out the related poems. It is my hope the this paper will illuminate the significance of this particular poem and throw some light on future studies.

蘇軾;歐陽脩;丁謂;蔡襄;錢惟演;宋哲宗;荔枝;茶

Su Shih（蘇軾） ; Ou-yang Hsiu（歐陽脩） ; Ting Wei（丁謂） ; Ts’ai Hsiang（蔡襄） ; Chien Wei-yian（錢惟演） ; The Emperor Ch’e of Sung（宋哲宗） ; Lichee; Tea