災難是人們生活中難以承受的意外事件。每次災難會帶來破壞與傷痛，可是也帶來重生與希望；災難對 諮商專業帶來了許多挑戰，同時也帶來學習的課題與發展的契機。本文旨在探討災難對諮商專業發展所 造成的影響，並深刻思考其中蘊含的意義與重要的議題，本文先依歷史的軌跡敘述臺灣對諮商專業發展 有關的重要災難事件，其次探索其帶來的影響與意義，再探討災後心理救援經驗與通訊心理諮商應用， 最後再針對其中涉及的文化與倫理考量進行討論，以期能就災難與諮商所涉及的相關議題進行深入而完 整的探討。災難與諮商交織的不只是實務操作經驗的議題，其實也涉及專業發展、科技運用、文化議題 與倫理考量。

Disasters, being an unexpected occurrence in people's lives, bring destruction and pain as well as rebirth and hope. Disasters have brought several challenges to the counseling profession, such as in learning topics and development opportunities. This article aimed to explore the impact of disasters on the development of the counseling profession and to assess its implications and important issues. First, it described the important disaster events related to the development of the counseling profession in Taiwan based on historical trajectories. Second, we explored its impact and significance; then, we discussed the experience of post-disaster psychological rescue and the application of telecounseling. Finally, we discussed the cultural and ethical considerations involved, aiming to provide an in-depth and complete discussion of the issues involved in disaster counseling. Disasters and counseling are intertwined with issues in practical experience and professional development, technology use, cultural issues, and ethical considerations. Data were analyzed using the ladder of analytical abstraction. As a result, two factors were highlighted. First, in terms of preparation for tele-counseling, the results revealed the following. (1) When it comes to policy and regulation, some problems still exist, including a cumbersome application process, unclear enforcement rules for tele-counseling applications and implementation, and differences between regulation and practice. These issues make preparation for tele-counseling more difficult; therefore, a way to facilitate alignment between regulations and practice (as well as investment in tele-counseling) is important for optimizing the preparation and implementation of tele-counseling. (2) Due to a lack of experience, institutions' and psychologists' preparation for tele-counseling still depends on how it progresses. They primarily emphasized that preparation should focus more on pre-developing the tele-counseling procedure based on clients' well-being and professional ethics, as well as setting up tele-counseling equipment and becoming familiar with its operation. Moreover, psychologists should regularly engage in professional training for tele-counseling. This is a useful means of preparing for telecounseling. (3) It is necessary to facilitate clients' attention and investment in tele-counseling sessions, thereby developing a therapeutic alliance and maintaining the framework of counseling together. This is important for the implementation of tele-counseling. Second, in terms of the practical experience of tele-counseling, the results revealed the following: (1) Some commonalities between tele-counseling and face-to-face counseling help maintain the efficiency of tele-counseling. (2) Tele-counseling can overcome the limitation of distance and space, thereby serving needs of specific clients. (3) The features of tele-counseling result in some potential restrictions. For example, psychologists often find it difficult to assess clients' situations and grasp the entire counseling process, which drives them to put in more effort. Some forms and methods of counseling are restricted in telecounseling, so psychologists need to put more effort into preparing for counseling, or even adjusting the ways they counsel. In addition, potential candidates suitable for tele-counseling are limited; therefore, psychologists need to provide more follow-up services based on clients' situations and needs. To summarize, the present study not only broadens the horizon of psychologists' experiences of tele-counseling, but also proposes some useful practical suggestions for preparing for and implementing tele-counseling. This has important implications for the development of tele-counseling in Taiwan. However, this research is still limited, and further investigation is necessary to boost this development.

災後心理救援;災難;倫理;通訊心理諮商;諮商

Counseling disaster; ethics; post-disaster psychological rescue; telecounseling