本文探討共同閩語中臻攝開口三等韻母的擬測及相關的音韻層次問題。臻攝開口三等包括真質和殷迄兩類，其中真質韻另有重紐，數量不多但現象豐富。根據 Norman（1981）的共同閩語韻母構擬，共同閩語中與臻攝開口三等韻有關的擬音形式包括：*-in／*-it、*-ən／*-ət 與 *-yn。本文增加用來比較的閩語次方言的數量，並從分層擬測的方式由下而上地追溯共同閩語臻攝開口三等同源詞的語音形式。本文指出：1. Norman 共同閩語韻母系統中的 *-ən／*-ət、*-in／*-it 是可以接受的。2. 從比較的觀點來看，Norman 的 *-yn 可以修改為 *-ɨən。3. 共同閩語中還應該擬測 -iən／*-iət這一組韻母。從漢語音韻史的觀點來看，臻攝開口三等在共同閩語中有四種音韻規則對應，約略相當於三個不同的時間層次：*-ən／*-ət 時代最早，*-ɨən／*-ɨət 和 *-iən／*-iət 時代相當，*-in／*-it 相對最晚。另外，真韻中古重紐的區別在共同閩語中保留下來，其對立為「巾銀」*-ɨən：「烟姻」*-iən。

　　In this paper, we discuss the proto forms of the Zhen She unrounded division III rhyme in Common Min and the related issue of phonological strata. The Zhen She unrounded division III rhyme includes two subtypes: Zhen rhyme and Yin rhyme. Among them, the Zhen rhyme has the phenomena of ‘Chóng Niǔ’ (redundant syllable in the rhyme table). The cognates are small in number but rich in phenomenon. According to Norman’s (1981) reconstruction of the Common Min finals system, the forms related to the Zhen She unrounded division III rhyme in Common Min include: *-in/*-it, *-ən/*-ət and *-yn. This paper increases the number of modern Min dialects used for comparison, and traces the phonetic forms of the cognates of the Zhen She unrounded division III rhyme by the bottom-up method. We point out: 1. *-ən/*-ət, *-in/*-it in Norman’s Common Min finals system are acceptable. 2. From a comparative point of view, the final *-yn can be modified to *-ɨən. 3. The group of finals -iən/*-iət should also be reconstructed in the Common Min finals system. From the perspective of Chinese phonological history, four phonological correspondences exist in the Zhen She unrounded division III rhyme of Common Min, which roughly correspond to three different relative times: *-ən/*-ət is the earliest, *-ɨən/ *-ɨət is comparable to *-iən/*-iət, and *-in/*-it is the latest. In addition, the difference of ‘Chóng Niǔ’ is preserved in Common Min, and its phonological contrast is “巾銀” *-ɨən: “烟姻” *-iən.

共同閩語; 臻攝開口三等; 重紐; 層次; 歷史語言學

Common Min; Zhen She division III unrounded rhyme; Chóng Niǔ; stratum; historical linguistics