本研究擬澄清藝術家社會心理性不利因素對與創作生涯的影響徑路，達成以下研究目的：一、瞭解案例藝術家促發心理症狀的個人內、環境中的不利因素，二、瞭解案例藝術家者情感特性、心理疾患的療癒歷程，三、瞭解案例療癒歷程對藝術家躁鬱症者創作生涯及生活風格特色的影響。本研究採用質性研究方法，是以現象學為基礎的詮釋性個案研究，本研究對象係一位現年65歲男性畫家，他曾經於55歲時罹患重度憂鬱症，經治療康復後未再復發。本研究結果顯示：（一）早期經驗與性格特質案例早年不安全的依附關係，強化內向壓抑敏感脆弱及溫和的個性，形成潛在的、強烈的分離焦慮與孤獨感，成長後及發病前性格，易於被有失落威脅的事件，促發悲傷的情感。（二）藝術生涯及風格萌芽於童年時期的創作興趣，雖大學時雖就讀於航海科系，但同時開展創作生涯，創作風格中及畫作內容多元展現的畫風，但因童年經驗陰影，多數展現濃厚的憂傷氣息。如：人物間的疏離及空洞無依的眼神、悲傷的河流。（三）憂鬱症的促發社會心理因素的發展脈絡1.案例早年不安全的依附關係，強烈的分離焦慮與孤獨感.。2.先前壓力事件包含：因多年相伴的寵物的死亡、遷居對多年生活情境歸屬感的異動、創作生涯創作中空期等，使案例同時面臨依附關係的失落（死亡分離焦慮的應驗），及創作生命意義感的威脅等，共同促發憂鬱症。（四）心理症狀通過療癒而康復的因素由於案例的自我超越動機及多元的療癒，經過一年治療，使案例身體狀況穩定，並覺察早年經驗的及生涯壓力的影響；肯定藥物治療的療效。（五）療癒前後心理特性對創作風格的影響1.先前階段：畫作內容多元，但因童年經驗的陰影，展現濃厚的憂傷氣息；2.療癒階段：由憂鬱症促發初始時，無法提筆創作，因案例的堅持，開始以簡單、真率的筆觸，漸漸而恢復細節與深度的描繪；但內容陰暗、充滿自我毀滅性。3.康復階段：通過憂鬱症的療癒過程，接納孤獨的存在本質，畫作展現淡然孤獨及柔美的風格。並從正面角度來看待憂鬱症的影響，包括：創作時的自主性、人際關係有所開展，也成為創作的主題。

The study aims to clarify the affecting path on social psychological deficiencies to creative career for an artist（case in this study）. The goals are as follows:（1）Understanding the inner and environmental deficiencies to enact the case’s depression.（2）Realizing the healing process of the emotional characteristics and depression.（3）Comprehending the influences for the healing process on his creative career and life style. The study belongs to qualitative research, the research method is an interpretative case study based on phenomenology. The case is a 65 year old male artist; he suffered severe depression at the age of 55. He was cured and did not reoccur after the treatment. The results show: 1.The development context of social psychological factors:（1）Due to the unsafe affiliate relationship in the early childhood, the inward characters of oppressive, sensitive, frailty, and mild are strengthened. The case became strongly latent separation anxiety and loneliness（2）Former stressful events are the loss of affiliate relationship, early experiences, and the threat of meaning for life. These events step up the depression. 2.The healing factors: Owing to the motive of self-transcend and multiple healing, medicine treatment, the case stables his body situation. Furthermore, he can aware the influences of early experiences and stress of career. 3.The influences of mental symptom to creative career ： The style of his paintings shows different stages before and after the healing. The stages are（1）Intensive grief due to the shadow of childhood experiences,（2）Simple, forthright, and sincere in the initial stage of healing. The contents showed dark and destructive in this stage. The contents then became ordinary and show the depth of expression during the healing process,（3）He accepted the exist nature of loneliness, showed the cool loneliness and tender style after the healing. 4.after the healing process: When he was cured, he treated the influences of depression from a positive viewpoint. He accepted it as a gift of life. In this study, we comprehended the contribution factors of depression and the influence path to his creative career, and the healing processes bring positive influence. These results are enlightening.

憂鬱症; 情緒障礙; 藝術治療; 社會心理因素

depression; social psychological factors; art therapy; rehabilitation counseling