本文研究起源於臺南市天壇三川殿龍邊的石碑，落款年代為民國38 年，首位捐款人捐獻「1億4,000萬」舊臺幣，提供了臺灣俗諺「4萬換1 元」的歷史背景，也成為本文最初的研究動機。臺南市天壇初建於清咸 豐4年（1854年），目前三川殿與後殿保存了清咸豐5年（1855年）「臺 郡天公壇創建題捐碑記」、明治32年（1899年）「重修天壇碑記」、民 國38年「天壇重修碑記」，跨越了清朝、日治與民國三個政治時期，記 錄了天壇興建與重修官紳、郊商與個人互動，是為本文第二個研究動 機。 廟宇在臺灣的區域研究中，是觀察地區發展成熟與否的條件之一， 其間蘊含著民間社群關係、血緣關係乃至族群關係1 。從清代天壇創建 碑的記載，府城是臺灣的政經中心，從官紳的捐款紀錄中說明「廟宇」 成為府城甚至擴展至全臺官民互動的場所。日治時期的修建碑記，官方 退出捐款行列，改以府城地方人士與商號為主。戰後府城廟宇陸續進行 重修，商行退出捐款行列，改以個人為主，政黨首次出現在捐款行列。 本文透過相關文獻資料與田野調查，分析捐款之官紳、郊商與個人 的背景為何？進而瞭解當時的社會、政治或人群互動脈絡。

The present study aims at investigating the stele next to the Dragon side of the Sanchuan Hall, Tian Tan Temple（literally as “Temple of Heaven” ）, Tainan City. The stele was inscribed in 1949. The first donor had donated “one hundred forty million” Old Taiwan Dollar and this is the evidence of the historical background of the Taiwanese saying “forty thousand （old） dollars for one（new）dollar” and this is also the initial motivation of the present study. The Tian Tan Temple in Tainan City was initially built in Year 4 of the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty（1854）. Today, in the Sanchuan Hall and Rear Hall, we can find the well-conserved “Donation Inscription of the Establishment of Tian Gong Temple（literally as “Temple of Lord of Heaven”） in Taiwan County” inscribed in Year 5 of the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty（1855）, “Inscription of Renovating Tian Tan Temple” inscribed in Year 32 of the Meiji Era（1899）and “Inscription of the Renovation of Tian Tan Temple” inscribed in 1949. These inscriptions were respectively inscribed in three political periods, including the Qing Dynasty, Japanese colonial period and Republican period, to record the interactions between officials and gentries, local businessmen and individuals during the process of the construction and renovation of Tian Tan Temple. This is the second motivation of the present study. In Taiwan’s regional studies, temples are one of the elements to observe the regional development situations because they contain civil community relations, blood ties and even ethnic relations127 . According to the content of the stele of the establishment of Tian Tan Temple in the Qing Dynasty, Fu Cheng（literally as “Prefectural City”, former name of Tainan City） was Taiwan’s political and economic center. And, according to the donation record of officials and gentries, it shows the“temple”was the interaction place between officials and the public in Fu Cheng and even in Taiwan. The inscription of renovation in the Japanese colonial period shows officials were no longer involved in the donations but instead the local public figures and firms were mainly involved in the donations. After World War II, many temples in Fu Cheng were successively under renovation, the local firms were no longer involved in the donations but instead the individuals were mainly involved in and the political party was involved in for the first time. Through the related documents and fieldwork, the present study analyzes the background of the officials and gentries, local businessmen and individuals involved in the donations in order to understand the social, political and civil interactions at that time.

臺南市、天壇、天公壇、臺郡天公壇創建題捐碑記、重修天壇 碑記、天壇重修碑記

Tainan City, Tian Tan Temple, Tian Gong Temple, Donation Inscription of the Establishment of Tian Gong Temple in Taiwan County, Inscription of Renovating Tian Tan Temple, Inscription of the Renovation of Tian Tan Temple