2022 年2 月，俄烏戰爭爆發，對此中國應該如何表態，對中國的外交工作來說是一個重大的挑戰。一方面，在西方國家的壓力之下，支持俄國顯然符合中國的戰略利益；而另一方面，烏克蘭從獨立以來就與中國有長期的戰略合作關係，是中國在東歐的重要戰略夥伴，且「互相尊重主權和領土完整、互不侵犯」也是中國在外交上不斷強調的原則。在這兩個相互衝突的外交利益之下，中國又是如何表態和進行外宣以維持其國際形象呢？本文分析86 位中國外交官在2022 年在推特平臺上對俄烏戰爭的論述策略，結果發現：第一，在「戰爭的責任歸屬」上，「北約組織」被中國視為引發俄烏戰爭的主要責任方，因其擴政策直接威脅到俄國的安全，而「美國」則被中國描繪為是推動戰爭升級的關鍵角色。第二，在「對俄國和烏克蘭的態度」上，中國對俄國表現出強烈的支持，特別強調雙方的合作與戰略夥伴關係，對烏克蘭則保持中立。第三，在「是否隨著戰事的進展而有所變化」上，中國外交官的論述策略隨著戰事發展，從初期的「強勢外交和多邊外交並重」逐漸轉向「強調和平論述和多邊主義」，展現出其靈活應對國際局勢變化的能力。藉由分析中國外交官在推特上的論述策略，本文對於中國如何在兩種相互衝突的外交戰略目標中進行宣傳，提供了更具體的瞭解。

In February 2022, the outbreak of the Russia–Ukraine war posed a　major diplomatic challenge for China: how should it publicly position itself　in response? On one hand, under pressure from Western countries, supporting　Russia clearly aligned with China’s strategic interests. On the other hand,　Ukraine has maintained a longstanding strategic partnership with China　since its independence, as well as it is one of China’s key partners in Eastern　Europe. Moreover, the principle of “mutual respect for sovereignty and  territorial integrity” is a core tenet that China has consistently emphasized in its　diplomacy. Faced with these two conflicting foreign policy interests, how did　China articulate its position and engage in external communication to maintain　its international image? This research examines the discursive strategies　employed by 86 Chinese diplomats on Twitter in response to the Russia–Ukraine war throughout the year 2022. The analysis yields three key findings.　First, regarding the attribution of responsibility for the war, NATO is portrayed　by Chinese diplomats as the primary cause, with its eastward expansion　framed as a direct threat to Russian security. Meanwhile, the United States is　depicted as the main actor driving the escalation of the conflict. Second, in　terms of China’s stance toward Russia and Ukraine, Chinese diplomats express　strong support for Russia—particularly emphasizing bilateral cooperation　and strategic partnership—while maintaining a neutral tone toward Ukraine.　Third, with respect to the evolution of discourse over time, China’s diplomatic　messaging shifted from an initial emphasis on “assertive diplomacy alongside　multilateralism” to a later focus on “peace advocacy and multilateralism,”　reflecting China’s adaptive response to developments in the war. By analyzing　the strategic narratives of Chinese diplomats on Twitter, this study provides　a more nuanced understanding of China’s propaganda strategy between　conflicting foreign policy imperatives.

俄烏戰爭、中國、數位外交、敘事策略、文字探勘

Russia-Ukraine War, China, Digital Diplomacy, Narrative Strategy, Text Mining