郭琇〈特參近臣〉是關於高士奇其人其行的諸多記載中影響最為廣泛的一種，其中對高士奇人品的評價，更是塑造了後世對高士奇人物形象的歷史認知。本文通過考察郭琇對高士奇的評價和高士奇歸隱前後的交遊，來說明其人在清初士人眼中的形象並非如想像中那般不堪。又根據對後世流傳的關於高士奇的傳記、筆記小說等史料所作的梳理，以及對這些史料形成過程的追溯，以清晰地呈現建構高士奇歷史形象的脈絡和形成因素。最後分析羅振玉的政治立場和其對高士奇展開的批判之間的關係，並闡明這種批判對後世書畫鑒藏史研究的影響及意義。

Guo Xiu’s Te can jin chen is one of the most widely circulated accounts concerning Gao Shiqi’s character and conduct, and its evaluation of Gao Shiqi’s moral integrity has profoundly shaped the historical perception of his image in later generations. This paper examines Guo Xiu’s critique of Gao Shiqi and Gao Shiqi’s social interactions before and after his retirement, demonstrating that his reputation among scholars in the early Qing dynasty was not as negative as commonly assumed. Furthermore, by analyzing later biographical records, literary sketches, and other historical materials about Gao Shiqi, as well as tracing the formation of these sources, this study aims to clearly delineate the framework and factors that constructed Gao Shiqi’s historical image. Finally, it explores the relationship between Luo Zhenyu’s political stance and his criticism of Gao Shiqi, while elucidating the impact and significance of such criticism on the research of later connoisseurship and collecting history of calligraphy and painting.

高士奇;歷史形象;郭琇;羅振玉;書畫鑒藏

Gao Shiqi; Historical Image; Guo Xiu; Luo Zhenyu; Calligraphy and Painting Connoisseurship