為漢語的某個語音形式尋找詞源（即「本字」），是為了確定其音韻地位。音韻地位是該字（詞素）的語音和漢語的共同參照點──切韻系韻書的反切──對應關係的建立。這種音義對應關係可以從一個方言點看起，進一步做方言間的比較。兩個相鄰方言間的語源不一定相同；如果相應的音韻地位上找不到相當的漢字，亦不必強作解人。本文將討論閩語的三個詞彙：1.「房子」「戍」、2.「手肘／腳跟」、3.「雞冠／髮髻」「鬠」。

　　When we want to identify Chinese linguistic forms with words recorded in the Chinese lexicographic sources, the correspondence between the Qieyun classificatory system (served as common reference or ‘diasystem’) and dialectal phonology should be established. In this paper I will consider three etymological problems in Min and their relationships with neighboring dialects: ‘house’, ‘elbow/heel’, and ‘female headdress/cock’s comb’.

閩語; 詞源; 本字; 浙南吳語; 客家話

Min; cognate; etymology; Wu in southern Zhejiang; Hakka