目的：走路是常見的生活化運動，但腓腸肌柔軟度不足會造成不正常步態而引起傷害。臨床常利用靜態牽拉改善腓腸肌的柔軟度。因此本研究目的在探討靜態牽拉運動對腓腸肌緊縮者，於行走時下肢動作表現的影響。方法：本研究招募45位實驗參與者，包括30位腓腸肌緊縮者 (隨機分成牽拉組和非牽拉組)，以及15位腓腸肌柔軟度正常的健康人為控制組。牽拉組額外進行共20分鐘的靜態牽拉運動。實驗流程包括腓腸肌柔軟度測試和步態分析。步態分析運用Motion Analysis Raptor-H動作分析系統 (採樣頻率為60Hz) 和AMTI OR6-7測力板 (採樣頻率為1000Hz) 測量，並計算出下肢於矢狀面的關節角度和力矩進行分析。結果：牽拉組在腓腸肌柔軟度測試的後測角度較非牽拉組明顯增加，但小於控制組 (p< .001)。當行走於踝關節最大背屈彎曲角度時，牽拉組和控制組較非牽拉組有較小的動態柔軟度比 (p< .001)。牽拉組和非牽拉組較控制組，則有較大的髖彎曲角度 (p< .001)、膝彎曲角度 (p = .001) 和骨盆前傾角度 (p < .001)。三組參與者在髖、膝和踝關節力矩無顯著差異。結論：靜態牽拉運動可改善腓腸肌在行走時的柔軟度。但牽拉組仍呈現和非牽拉組相似的不正常步態，例如:較大骨盆前傾、髖彎曲和膝彎曲等動作。本研究的發現可作為在處理和評估腓腸肌緊縮者的重要考量。

Purposes: Walking is a common daily activity, yet insufficient gastrocnemius flexibility can lead to abnormal gait patterns and subsequent injuries. Clinically, static stretching is commonly used to improve the flexibility of the gastrocnemius. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of static stretching exercise on gait performance in individualswith tight gastrocnemius. Methods: This study recruited 45 participants, including 30 individuals with gastrocnemius tightness (randomly divided into stretching and non-stretching groups) and 15 individuals with normal gastrocnemius flexibility as a control group.The stretching group underwent a total of 20 minutes of static stretching exercise. The experimental protocol included gastrocnemius flexibility measurements and gait analysis. Gait analysis was conducted using the Motion Analysis Raptor-H system (sampling frequency of 60Hz) and AMTI OR6-7 force plates (sampling frequency of 1000Hz) to measure and analyze joint angles and moments in the sagittal plane of the lower limbs. Results: After stretching, the post-test angles of gastrocnemius flexibility in the stretching group were significantly higher than in the non-stretching group, though still lower than the control group(p< .001). When walking at maximum ankle dorsiflexion angle, the stretching and control groups exhibited a smaller dynamic flexibility ratio of the gastrocnemius than the non-stretching group (p< .001). Compared to the control group, the stretching and non-stretching groups demonstrated larger hip flexion angles (p< .001), knee flexion angles (p= .001), and anterior pelvic tilt angles (p< .001). There were no significant differences in joint moments at the hip, knee, and ankle joints between the three groups. Conclusions: Static stretching exercises can improve the flexibility of the gastrocnemius during walking. However, the stretching group still exhibited similar abnormal gait patterns as the non-stretching group, such as increased pelvic anterior tilt, hip flexion, and knee flexion. The present findings represent a crucial clinical consideration in evaluating and managing individuals with tight gastrocnemius.

腓腸肌; 肌肉緊縮; 靜態牽拉; 步態

Gastrocnemius; Muscle tightness; Static Stretch; Gait