本研究旨在探討在台外籍勞⼯所⾯臨的⽣活適應困擾種類，以做爲相關單位制定外籍勞⼯管理辦法之參考。⽅法學上，以⼀經專家效度檢驗之「外籍勞⼯適應困擾及其對⼼理衛⽣影響問卷」對台灣南部三家要造業⼯廠之所有外籍勞⼯進⾏⾃填式問卷調查。問卷內容涵蓋外籍勞⼯在台期間所可能遭過之社會、⽂化、⼼理、⽣理等種種適應困難。受訪者以男性未婚者居多，主要來⾃菲律賓與泰國，其所⾯臨之適應困擾有：缺少社會活動之參與、不被社會接納、⼯作狀況差、⽬前狀況與來台前期望之落差、性需求不滿⾜、⽣活習慣差異及無法結交朋友等情形。其中影響社會活動參與之主要因素有國籍、性別，其中以泰籍及女性，較少有參與社會活動的機會：同時，泰籍之外勞其被社會接納情形也較差，⼼理期望之落差也較⼤。相較於女性，男性有較多的性需求困擾。最後⽅法學、調查研究之發現以及其在外籍勞⼯管理⽅法與政策制定上所呈現的意義作進⼀步討論。

The purpose of this study is to explore adjustment difficulties encountered by foreign workers in Taiwan. By purposive sampling, 320 foreign workers from three petrochemical factories in southern Taiwan were recruited for this self-administered questionnaire survey. Various possible encounter-adjustment difficulties were applied for measures. The results showed that the adjustment difficulties which foreign workers encountered including: 1. lack of social intercourse, 2. social discrimination, 3. poor job conditions, 4. anticipatory discrepancies, 5. unsatisfied sexual desires, 6. cultural differences, and 7. difficulties in making new friends. Newly arrived female workers from Thailand were less likely to have opportunities to participate in social activities. Thai were more likely to encounter difficulties from cultural differences and anticipatory discrepancies. Those who stayed shorter periods were likely to encounter more difficulties from cultural differences and poor job conditions. Males were more likely to have unsatisfied sexual desire than females. Varieties of social and psychological conditions related to the difficulties of adjustment among the foreign laborers in Taiwan. The policy implications are thus discussed.

外籍勞工；適應困擾

Foreign labor; Adjustment difficulty