許氏中國體系網絡分析的主旨是瞭解「中國是如何逐步形成為一個整合的大體系？」為了探討這個課題，援用並改造華勒斯坦「近代世界體系分析」與日本學者木村正雄的「農地開發論」等空間分析架構，以市場經濟為主軸，建構中國體系網絡分析的宏觀架構。由於華勒斯坦、木村正雄的論點都源自馬克思學說，許氏排除華勒斯坦論述裡的「階級剝削」觀點，保留其世界市場與區域權力模型。同樣地，在排除生產關係的前提下，將木村氏第二次農地論納入市場經濟架構。許氏以市場為中心的體系分析與十八世紀以來西方自由市場經濟理論有著共同的傾向：以市場為主軸的經濟分析、以個人為對象的社會分析、對國家角色的忽視等。推敲其理論建構與實證過程，市場理論限制其解釋的有效性，低估古代國家在地域社會整合上的積極作用。漢、唐間中國體系的摶成表現為核心區與核心集團對其他地域社會的征服，以及通過制度、組織整合各地域社會，「政治性措施」本身纔是探討古代中國體系摶成的重要脈絡。古代地域社會異質程度高，各區域間的相互聯繫與影響不顯，在相對孤立的地域社會上聳立起一個龐大的政治體系，這個政治體系通過制度的建構，將相對孤立的各地域聯結在一個核心力量下，或許是思考古代帝國形成與變遷的關鍵課題。

The gist of Hsu’s “Network Analysis of China System” is to provide us with a better understanding of how “China gradually became a big integrated system”. To explore the causes of the issue, Hsu quoted and reformed the “Analysis of Modern World System” proposed by Immanuel Wallerstein as well as the “Study on the Development of Farm Land” by Japanese scholar, Masao Kimura. The macrocosm of Hsu’s analysis was based upon the theory of market economy with the structure of spatial analysis. Nevertheless, both Wallerstein’s theory and that of Kimura were originated from Marxism. Hsu first excluded the “class exploitation” in Wallerstein’s analysis but retained the world market and regional power pattern. In the same way, Hsu ruled out the production relationship advocated by Kimura but the “2nd Study on the Development of Farmland” was merged into the structure of market economy by structure. The market-centered system analysis proposed by Hsu and the theory of free market economy prevailing in the West since 18th century share some common tendencies, among which are a market-centered economic analysis, an individual-orientated social analysis, the neglecting of the role-playing of nations, etc. Tracing back the structuring and corroborative process of Hsu’s analysis, we might come to the conclusion that the market theory has limited the validity of his explication. Besides, Hsu underestimated the active function of nations in the aspect of integrating the regional societies. The conquest of other regional societies either by core zone or core group and the integration of these regional societies through the establishment of systems and organizations molded the China system between Han Dynasty and Tan Dynasty. The “political measures” are by all means the key to the understanding of the formation of ancient China system. The effect of cross communication and influence in the ancient system consisting of diversified regional societies was not quite evident. It is surprising then that a leviathan political system should be successfully established among the comparatively isolated regional societies and that these regions should be united under a single core power through the establishment of systems. Reflection on the formation and transition of ancient empires might help us better understand the formation of ancient system.

世界體系；市場經濟；地域社會；核心區；生產關係

world system; market economy; regional society; core zone; production relationship