本文以北伐前後時期的閩西地區為例，探討地方菁英在早期中國共產革命中所扮演的角色。眾所皆知，中國共產黨最初往往不得不藉由出身自農村菁英家庭前往城市求學的知識份子來深入農村。然而，此一策略有其兩面性，蓋這些知識份子大部分對於共產革命只有膚淺的認識。除了政治信仰外，他們也可能出於私人利益、關係，以及地方利益等因素，而加入中共或與之合作。國共分裂後，這些黨員運用其私人關係與地位來進行農民暴動，其動機也是千奇百怪，無奇不有，決不僅只是出於「革命」的動機而已。因此，儘管中共可藉由地方菁英的關係及地位來吸收新黨員與動員農民，但這些黨員與農民並不見得對共產黨有任何深入的了解，甚至對其一無所知。更何況藉由此一策略來進行活動，原初便不是在黨的指示下所進行，其與黨的利益及指示發生衝突，甚至無法為黨所控制，這是可以想像的。如何處理黨與地方菁英間的關係，成了早期中國共產革命迫切的問題。

This article examines the Minxi region (western Fujian) around the time of the Northern Expedition to exemplify the role the local elite played in the early stage of the Chinese Communist Revolution. As everyone knows, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) often had no choice but to penetrate into countryside through the mediation of intellectuals from rural elite families who studied in cities. However, this strategy might be counter productive because most of these CCP agents had only a superficial knowledge of communist revolution. Besides political faith, they might have participated in or collaborated with CCP for reasons of private interests, personal connections, or local interests and so on. After the split between the Kuomintang and CCP in 1927, these party members from local elite families used their personal connections and status to mobilize peasants, not only for the communist cause, but also for other reasons. Despite the CCP’s employment of the connection and status of local elites to absorb new party members and mobilize peasants, these party members and peasants did not necessarily have any genuine faith in party, or were simply ignorant of it. Moreover, this strategy was not under the supervision of the party initially, it could be contrary to the party’s interests and instructions, and it might even be free of party controls. How to deal with the relation between the party and local elites became an urgent problem at this early stage of Chinese Communist Revolution.

中共；國共合作；農民暴動；地方菁英；閩西；龍巖暴動；永定暴動；平和暴動；上杭暴動

the Chinese Communist Party; the Kuomintang-Chinese Communist Party collaboration; peasant uprising; local elite; Mingxi; the Longyan uprising; the Yongding uprising; the Pinghe uprising; the Shanghang uprising