本研究主要對標準附加問句和不變附加問句進行形態-句法分析。附加問句由前置分句（antecedent clause）和附加分句（tag clause）構成。本文揭示了標準附加問句和不變附加問句的結構配置，並闡述其省略現象和回指特性。此外，本研究還對印度英語中的附加問句與其他英語變體中的附加問句進行了比較與對比分析。本研究採用混合研究方法（定量與定性結合）來收集和解讀數據。印度英語中的標準附加問句遵循前置分句與附加分句之間的形態-句法依存關係，以編碼其形態-句法特徵。附加分句通常包含詞彙算子（lexical operator）和代詞（pronominal）。不變附加問句通常由話語助詞（如 right、okay、na 等）或完整分句（如 am I right、don't you think 等）構成。在印度英語中，附加問句在句子的右側邊界生成一個功能性投射 TagP（Tag 短語），其結構上涉及省略現象。

This article fundamentally provides a morpho-syntactic analysis of canonical and invariant tag questions. The tag question consists of an antecedent clause and the tag clause. The paper evinces the structural configuration of the canonical and invariant tags. It also elucidates the elliptical and the anaphoric properties of tag questions. This research also compares and contrasts the tags occurring in Indian English with other varieties of English. This study adopts the mixed method for collecting and interpreting the data. Canonical tag questions in Indian English conform to a morpho-syntactic dependency between the antecedent and the tag clause for encoding the morpho-syntactic features. The tag clause comprises a lexical operator and a pronominal. Invariant tag questions are either represented by discourse particles like ‘right’, ‘okay’, and ‘na’ among others, or by a clause like ‘am I right’, ‘don’t you think’ etc. Indian English yields a functional projection TagP (Tag Phrase), at the right periphery of the clause to present the tag questions and it structurally involves an ellipsis.

標準附加問句; 不變附加問句; 動詞省略; 形態-句法依存; 最簡理論; 英語變體

Canonical tag questions; invariant tag questions; verb ellipsis; morphosyntactic dependency; Minimalism; varieties of English