以全球史為主題的出版品在這十年間有逐漸增多的趨勢，相關的研究討論與論文也正不斷地關注這段時間的史學變化，然而，這種趨勢並未反映在常見的史學趨勢書籍上。直到最近，此情況略有改觀，伊格爾斯(George Iggers)的新書《全球史學史》(A Global History of ModernHistoriography)已掌握最近全球化對歷史學的影響。本文並非全面檢視全球史對於當代史學各領域的影響，僅嘗試透過近來出版的一些全球史論著，探討全球史帶來的「全球轉向」研究特色，並論述此種取向對於美國史中的歷史書寫造成何種影響。究竟全球史是取代了民族國家史的歷史書寫，還是二者呈現一種相互補強的情況，答案似乎一目了然，全球史研究取向讓民族國家史有了新的研究角度。這種「全球轉向」不只是研究領域的地理空間的擴大，更代表新的研究視野與方法。

This article introduces the new methodological and historical work on global history. Now the “global turn” has arrived. In recent years, most branches of historiography have witnessed a sharp increase in research operating with border- crossing perspectives. Global history challenges the field’s basic organizing principle: the primacy of nation-state. Sometimes, global historians challenge the proposition that historians should write national histories at all. So what does the global approach offer historians of early American republic? The French historian Lynn Hunt has noted: “The global turn should not just offer a broader or bigger view; it has to offer a better one.”

民族國家；歷史書寫；全球史；全球轉向；史學理論

historical writing; nation-state; global turn; global history; theory and history