本文以音景為主題，探討當代華裔旅美作曲家梁雷之作品《六季》中極地聲響素材之運用與發展。近年人類活動的擴展造成海洋生態浩劫，維護生態多樣性已然是全球的共識。梁雷以身為作曲家的視角，融合海洋音景素材進行創作，透過音樂藝術提出他對環境危機的人文關懷。《六季》的創作來自與斯克里普斯海洋研究中心的合作，以該中心所提供的海洋環境錄音為基礎，發展出結合即興演奏家與預置電子音樂的多樂章形式。根據碩特樂譜公司的資料顯示，作品出版後相繼由許多不同的演奏家與團體，呈現截然不同的詮釋版本，包含首演團體米沃斯弦樂四重奏、小提琴獨奏家富西，以及由鋼琴家德魯所帶領的新音樂樂團等。本文將介紹由加拿大作曲家謝弗所提出的音景研究，並初探早期相關音景作品之創作理論。此外，由於《六季》在音景素材的運用上更進一步超越了早期音景作品的框架，筆者將從音景理論出發，深入探討《六季》中電子音樂的音景組織，以及它如何形塑即興演奏者的素材發展與音樂性。

This paper explores the use and development of the Arctic sound materials in Six Seasons, a work composed by the Chinese-born American composer, Lei Liang. In recent years, the expansion of human activities has led to catastrophic impact on marine ecology, making the preservation of ecological diversity a global consensus. Liang approaches this issue of ecological sustainability from the perspective of a composer, incorporating ocean soundscape materials into his composition to express his concerns for the environmental crisis through musical art. For Six Seasons, Liang collaborated with the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, which provided extensive ocean environmental recordings as raw materials for composition. These recordings, carefully adjusted and arranged electronically, are interwoven with the musical passages improvised by musicians to form a multi-movement work. According to Schott Music Corporation, since its publication, Six Seasons has been interpreted by various performers and ensembles, including the premiere ensemble, Mivos Quartet, the violinist Marco Fusi, and the New Music Ensemble led by pianist Stephen Drury. This paper also discusses the theoretical framework of soundscape research proposed by R. Murray Schafer and explores the methodology of early soundscape compositions. Nevertheless, as Six Seasons transcends the theoretical framework of early soundscape practice in its use of heterogeneous musical elements, the author also delves into how the texture of electronic soundscape shapes the musicality of improvising musicians and informs the development of musical materials.

梁雷; 《六季》; 音景作品; 電子音樂; 即興

Lei Liang; Six Seasons; soundscape composition; electronic music; improvisation