亞瑟．威利（Arthur Waley, 1889-1966）為英國東方學者暨翻譯家，譯有多部中、日文著述。其《詩經》英譯本（The Book of Songs, 1937）自推出後即廣為歐美市場接受，且被視為重要參考版本之一。威利《詩經》英譯本的特色在於揚棄中國傳統注疏所賦予其之政教色彩，轉而重視其民俗性與文學性，並且視《詩經》為文化比較文本。學界對威利《詩經》英譯本在《詩經》英譯史上所代表的意義已有具體認識，也充分比較其與英國傳教士暨漢學家理雅各（James Legge, 1815-1897）、美國詩人龐德（Ezra Pound, 1885-1972）或近人許淵沖（1921-2021）等譯本之優劣異同。然而，對於威利獨特《詩經》詮釋觀點之淵源與發展，以及威利於生涯不同時期所進行的《詩經》篇章翻譯，仍有進一步探討的空間。威利個人首部中國詩歌譯作集即收錄《詩經》篇章翻譯。從這些現存最早的譯文評斷，威利在譯者生涯早期即已確立其《詩經》翻譯特色，除注重聲韻節奏偕美外，讀者接受度與觀感亦在其考量之內。稍後，受法國漢學家葛蘭言（Marcel Granet, 1884-1940）影響，威利在《詩經》詮釋上揚棄傳統中國政教《詩》觀；確立其詮釋觀點後，他亦重新評估其他譯本的價值。最後，本文指出，在推出《詩經》英譯本前，威利對《詩經》的呈現方式與關懷重點實已大致定型；然而在《詩經》英譯本問世後，威利仍繼續對《詩經》篇章與呈現方式提出新詮。運用遺落於其《詩經》英譯本的篇章翻譯，可以更具體而深入地理解威利在《詩經》英譯上的成就。

This article aims to provide a more complete view of Arthur Waley’s (1889-1966) interpretation of the Shijing by using his other translation materials outside The Book of Songs (1937). Waley was a British orientalist and sinologist who translated various Chinese and Japanese literary works. His English translation of the Shijing, The Book of Songs, has been widely accepted in Europe and America since its publication, and is regarded as one of the most important versions of the text. The main distinguishing characteristic of Waley’s The Book of Songs was that it abandoned the political connotation given to the Shijing by traditional Chinese commentaries. Instead, it focused upon folklore and the literary nature of the text, and regarded the Shijing as a culturally comparative text. The academic community has recognized the significance of The Book of Songs in the history of English translation of the Shijing, and there have been many studies comparing The Book of Songs to the versions by the British missionary and sinologist James Legge (1815-1897), the American poet Ezra Pound (1885-1972), and the more contemporary scholar Yuanchong Xu (1921-2021). However, there is still room for further exploration into the origins and development of Waley’s unique interpretation of the Shijing, as well as other translations from the Shijing that Waley produced at different times in his career. Shijing poems can be found in Waley’s first collection of Chinese poetry translations as well. Judging from these early extant translated poems, Waley had already established his distinctive translation style in the translation of the Shijing early in his career. In addition to emphasizing the beauty of sounds and rhythm, he also paid great attention to reader acceptance. Later, under the influence of the French sinologist Marcel Granet (1884-1940), Waley established his interpretative view, and reassessed the value of other translated versions of the Shijing. Finally, this article points out that before the publication of The Book of Songs, Waley’s presentation style and focus in presenting the Shijing had already been roughly set out; and after its publication, he continued to offer new insights into the interpretation and presentation of the Shijing. By analyzing Waley’s translations of the Shijing poems that were left out of The Book of Songs but included in his other works, we can gain a more concrete and deeper understanding of Waley’s achievements in the English translation of the Shijing.

威利;《詩經》;《詩經》 英譯

Arthur Waley; The Shijing; The Book of Songs; Translations of The Shijing; Chinese poetry compilation