軌跡標示測驗（Trail Making Test）能評估個體高層次的認知執行功能及基本認知能力，廣泛用於 健康樣本、腦損傷及組件功能缺陷之患者。然在測驗工具使用上多以人工閱卷，以致有計分相對 耗時費力之劣勢。在臺灣亦尚無以數位化平板電腦操作之軌跡標示測驗，實為研究缺口，發展中 文版平板操作軌跡標示測驗暨本土常模建置有其必要性。本研究發展一套電子數位化版本，即「軌 跡標示測驗平板版」（Tablet-Based Trail Making Test, TB-TMT）。本測驗涵蓋五個情境：情境一 視覺掃描、情境二簡單圖形數字序列、情境三選擇圖形數字序列、情境四轉換圖形數字序列、情 境五動作速度，藉由情境間的分數轉換，可得四項指標：視覺掃描時間、動作時間、抑制情境時間、 轉換情境時間。依北、中、南、東，採分層隨機取樣 1,046 位健康研究參與者，年齡介於 8 至 29 歲， 進行信效度檢驗。結果顯示，TB-TMT 再測信度具有可接受的穩定性。各指標成分能代表其特性， 具有適當的內部相關性。效度考驗中，以彩色路徑描繪測驗、西蒙作業、塔測驗、反應時間作業、 中文版執行功能指標為效標，發現 TB-TMT 具有良好之效標關聯效度。總結而言，TB-TMT 具有 良好的信度與效度，深具實務應用價值，適用於未來學術研究、教學實務，以及檢視臨床功能的 良好工具，以提供有效之參考依據。

The Trail Making Test (TMT) is widely used to evaluate higher-order executive cognitive functions and basic cognitive abilities. This test is suitable for both healthy individuals and patients with brain injuries or specific functional impairments. The TMT consists of a visual cancellation task and a series of exercises requiring the sequential connection of numbered and lettered circles. It evaluates several aspects of executive functioning, such as visual scanning, motor speed, inhibition, and switching. In clinical neuropsychology, the TMT is an effective measure for distinguishing the cognitive performance of healthy individuals from that of patients. Its ease of administration, practicality, and sensitivity make it a valuable tool for diagnosing cognitive disorders and neurological injuries. Overall, the TMT is a crucial instrument for evaluating executive function. In recent years, researchers worldwide have utilized the TMT to establish local normative data. Most studies have focused on adults, particularly middle-aged and older individuals (Indorewalla et al., 2022; Magnusdottir et al., 2021; Siciliano et al., 2019; St-Hilaire et al., 2018) as well as seniors (Fröhlich et al., 2024). However, research providing local normative data for school-aged children, middle school students, high school students, and younger adults remains scarce. Additionally, most of these studies have sample sizes ranging from approximately 200 to 1000 participants. In Taiwan, Kuo and Hua (2015) translated and adapted the Color Trails Test (CTT), originally developed by D’ Elia et al. (1996), into a Chinese-language version. This adaptation applied TMT principles to establish normative data for Taiwan’s middle-aged and older populations. Their data were derived from a study conducted on healthy adults aged over 50 years. While this research provided a valuable foundation for neuropsychological assessments of executive and frontal lobe function, it did not include data from diverse age groups. Furthermore, the study employed a paper-based format, which is both time-consuming and labor-intensive, and included only two subtests, limiting its scope for assessing cognitive and basic abilities. In Taiwan, a significant research gap exists due to the lack of a digital version of the TMT designed for tablet administration. Therefore, developing a Chinese-language TMT for tablet use is essential to establish local normative data. This study introduced the Tablet-Based TMT (TB-TMT), a digital adaptation of the TMT, comprising five conditions. Condition 1, Visual Scanning evaluates visual scanning and attention through a quick and focused task. Condition 2, Simple Symbol

執行功能、軌跡標示測驗、常模、平板電腦

executive function, Trail Making Test, normative data, tablet computer