墓葬行為，乃探微地方喪葬習俗重要的研究議題，隨著不同族群、地域、規範的演化，所以在臺灣各地的墓葬習俗上，呈現出多元而豐富的葬俗模式，透過墓葬遺存，探索歷史軌跡以及發掘區域文化的內涵。

依此，筆者以苗栗縣公館鄉為研究範圍，主因在於本區域為重要的客家聚落，先民多來自福建及廣東原鄉，尚保留諸多珍貴的客家民俗文化，對於宗族發展、祭祀禮儀、喪葬習俗等面向，提供了豐富而多元的研究素材。

有鑑於此，筆者於2023年2月～7月期間，擇公館鄉境內館東村外橫岡（隘寮艮）、大坑村隘寮背、大坑村照鏡排、中義村小圍牆、石墻村石圍墻、福基村河頭坪、仁安村網形（白地面）、仁安村油礦坑、北河村獅茅坪等9處傳統墓葬區（公墓），以及北河村、館東村、尖山村、鶴山村、南河村等6處私塚共計92門古墓遺存為研究對象，透過實體古墓的調查研究，溯源漢人墓葬習俗，繼而簡述公館地區之開發沿革與境內清代至日治時期之墓葬概況，並從中歸納分析現存古墓墓葬類型、碑文釋義，以及葬俗特色。

It is an important issue for different processes of the ethnic groups, areas and time to research the actions of the ancient tombs in Taiwan.

The research consists of the regional culture features. In the article, I mentioned discussing about ninety-two ancient tombs for Miaoli County in Gongguan Township.

I went through the field investigation and did the local statement by myself and realized their abundant society constructions and historical meanings.

Additionally, I stated the development of the place, investigating and researching the current situations of ten tombs, the characteristic action of tombs and the meanings of epitaphs.

苗栗縣公館鄉;清代;日治時期;墓葬形制;公墓;私塚;墓葬習俗

Miaoli County Gongguan Town; Qing Dynasty; Japanese Occupied Period; Grave Construction; Public Grave; Private Grace; Burial Ground Culture