許多研究已指出規律適度運動有益於預防疾病；然而，流行病學之研究結果卻顯示耐力性運動員在高強度運動訓練或比賽後，有較高之上呼吸道感染現象。嗜中性球為先天性免疫吞噬細胞之一，運動所引起之生理或心理壓力已被證實會導致嗜中性球在體內之再分配及減弱血液嗜中性球之嗜菌能力。本篇綜評旨在說明壓力賀爾蒙和嗜中性球之關係、單次或重複性運動如何經由壓力賀爾蒙影響嗜中性球之再分配和功能，及碳水化合物補充如何影響嗜中性球之功能。

Many studies have indicated that regular moderate exercises are beneficial in the prevention of infectious diseases. However, epidemiological studies demonstrate that endurance athletes are at increased risk of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) after heavy training and/or competition. Neutrophil is an effective phagocyte and is considered to be an important part of innate immunity. An impaired neutrophil microbicidal capacity may increase the susceptibility to infection in stressed athletes. Therefore, the purposes of this review were to describe the relationship between stress hormones and neutrophil function, how a single bout and/or repeated bouts of exercise affected neutrophil degranulation and oxidative burst capacity, and how the effect of carbohydrate supplementation influenced neutrophil function.

運動; 壓力賀爾蒙; 嗜中性球功能; 碳水化合物補充

exercise; stress hormones; neutrophil function; carbohydrate supplementation