本研究目的在探討24小時超級馬拉松跑後恢復期9天內期腎臟功能之變化情形。受試者為11名參加「2002年國際超級馬拉松暨IAU亞洲24小時錦標賽」之參賽選手，其平均年齡45.1±8.77歲、身高166.8±6.23公分、體重60.6±6.96公斤。於賽前一天、賽後即刻、賽後48小時及第9天抽血、驗尿，以觀察腎臟功能之變化情形。結果發現在血液中血尿素氮、肌酸酐及尿酸都有所上升，其中血尿素氮、肌酸酐更達顯著（p<.05）；而尿液比重、酸鹼值、尿蛋白、潛血及酮體皆有發生變化；但尿膽原、膽紅素、尿糖沒有發生變化，表示腎臟功能對於分解代謝蛋白質、胺基酸與過濾再吸收肌酸、核酸嘌呤類、白蛋白、紅血球、酮體發生異常，顯示賽後即刻，腎臟已發生衝擊；但經過48小時恢復後血液中的各指數值已達正常範圍濃度內，尿液裡的大部分各項反應已恢復為陰性反應，至第9天已完全恢復至血、尿液賽前安靜時的數值與反應。顯示腎臟功能於賽後48小時已可恢復正常運作，在恢復期賽後第9天與賽前腎臟功能無所差異故應無永久性傷害之疑慮。本研究結果顯示，參加24小時超級馬拉松對於腎臟功能有所影響，但屬短暫性衝擊，在賽後48小時即可恢復到賽前正常功能。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 24 hours ultra marathon race on runner’s kidney damage. Eleven participants were recruited, with mean age of 45.1 ± 8.77 yr, height of 166.8 ± 6.23 cm and weight of 60.6 ± 6.96 kg, in the 2002 International 24hr Race IAU Asia 24-Hour Championship. Blood and urine samples were obtained from participants before the event, at the end of the event, after 48 hours, and 9 days to find the changes in kidney function. The result showed that runner’s blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE) and uric acid (UA) in blood increased, especially BUN and CRE, the specific gravity, pH, albuminuria (PRO), occult blood and ketone bodies in urine changed, but urobilinogen (URO), bilirubin (BIL), glucose did not change significantly. According to ersults, we found kidney damage occurred at the end of race because the decomposition of protein and amino acid and filtration and reabsorprtion of creatine, nitrogenous base, albumin, red blood cell and ketone bodies in kidney were abnormal. But 48 hr after the race, every parameters in blood reached the normal consistence range and almost reactions in urine became negative. 9 days after the race, all of the parameters in blood and reactions in urine recovered to original level before the race. We found the runner’s kidney working normally again 48 hr after the race and 9days after the race, there was no difference of kidney function between now and before the race. According the results conclude that 24 hours after ultra marathon race, the runners got kidney damage impermanent, 48 hr after race, they could recover to original lever before the race.

24小時超級馬拉松; 血液生化; 尿液生化; 腎臟功能

24-hours ultramarathon; Blood biochemistry; Urine; Kidney function