宋人筆記中對於文字俗譌辨析的資料頗豐，如歐陽脩《歸田錄》、吳曾《能改齋漫錄》、莊季裕《雞肋編》、羅大經《鶴林玉露》、洪邁《容齋隨筆》、陸游《老學庵筆記》等，但是在字樣學的研究上並沒有得到重視，相關研究也較少。本論文欲以字樣辨似為主題，以宋人筆記為觀察對象進行探析。孫奕的《履齋示兒編》〈字說〉從識讀時所生俗誤分為「畫譌」與「聲譌」兩種現象，進而析分「字異而義同」、「字同而義異」、「字異而音同」、「字同而音異」的性質類型，其中有筆畫相近、音聲譌混、古今遞變等因素，呈現出珍貴的字樣分析的價值。本論文旨在考察其字樣辨似之現象與性質，進而考察其字樣觀念為宋人學術筆記中的字樣學材料進行探析研究。

The Sketches of Song Dynasty provided abundant materials for analyzing common errors in character forms, such as Ouyang Xiu's Gui Tian Lu, Wu Zeng's Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu, Zhuang Jiyu's Ji Lei Bian, Luo Dajing's He Lin Yu Lu, Hong Mai's Rong Zhai Sui Bi, and Lu You's Lao Xue An Bi Ji. However, there was scant discussion on the study of character forms. Therefore, this paper focuses on character analysis, using the literary notes of the Song Dynasty as the object of observation. Among the literary notes of the Song Dynasty are, Sun Yi’s compiled six volumes of “Zi Shuo” in his book Lu Zhai Shi Er Bian. He gathered and categorized various opinions of literati on the different styles of characters commonly used at the time, and identified two misconceptions that arise from the recognition of characters, namely “pictorial misconceptions” and “phonetic misconceptions.” He further separated the character variants into “different characters with the same meaning,” “same characters with different meanings,” “different characters with the same sound,” and “same characters with different sounds.” The causes of these variants included similar strokes, confused sounds, borrowing usage from other characters, and the evolution of language over time. Sun's work provided valuable insights into the study of character forms and textual research in the analysis of character variants and examining the historical context. This paper aims to examine the connotations and types of character variants by analysis of character forms, and explore the character variants discussed by Sun Yi in his compilation of literary notes of the Song Dynasty.

宋人筆記; 字樣學; 形體辨析; 履齋示兒編; 辨正俗譌

Sketches of Song Dynasty; Orthography; Glyph Differentiation; Lu Zhai Shi Er Bian; Analysis of Chinese Character Variants