團隊如何隨時間推移而發展是學者們關心的議題，也仍存在著待回答的問題。本研究參酌兩個團隊發展文獻的主流（即生命週期模型和均衡模型），以三個同一醫院組織中的專案團隊為研究對象，採用跨個案比較的質性方法，探討團隊發展的生命週期歷程，以及影響歷程的多層次因素。本研究發現：生命週期發展存在非線性現象，且任務與關係行為是分開發展又互相影響；心理安全感 (Psychological Safety)、本職與團隊任務關聯性、領導、團隊限制 (Team Level Constraints)、任務相依性 (TaskInterdependence) 等都可能影響團隊發展，這些因素會加速或延遲團隊發展進程。此外，團隊也會因著社會結構與資源的變化而改變團隊的均衡狀態。最後，本研究發展出研究命題，作為未來研究與實務參考。

How teams evolve is a topic of concern to researchers, and questions remain to be answered. This study is based on two mainstream team development theories, i.e., the lifecycle model and the equilibrium model. The authors investigate three project teams in a hospital organization, adopt a qualitative cross-case comparison method, and explore the lifecycle process of team development and multi-level factors that affect the process. This study finds a non-linear phenomenon in team lifecycle development; task and relationship behaviors develop separately but interact with each other. The influencing factors of the process include relatedness between project tasks and team members' organizational roles, leadership, psychological safety, task interdependence, team constraints, and member churn. These factors can accelerate or delay the team development process. In addition, team quilibrium states tend to alter due to the evolution of social structure and resources. Finally, we develop research propositions for future research and practice.

團隊發展歷程; 任務行為發展; 關係行為發展; 醫院專案團隊

team development process; task behavior development; relationship behavior development; hospital project team