本項研究係「我國國民教育階段中兒童及青少年身心發展之研究」計劃中的一部分，在該計劃下會選取國小及國中學生二、二八○名（由國小一至國中三九個年級，男女各半），接受體能、智力、及各種人格測驗，內外控品質亦列爲研究項目之一。本研究旨在分析內外控信念發展之趨勢，內控信念與其他人格品質之關係，父母管教態度與內控信念發展之關係，結果發現：(1)由國小一至國中三九個年級中，內控信念分數有隨年齡增加之趨勢。(2)內控信念分數與自我接納傾向、情緒穩定性有頗爲顯著的正相關，顯示其與行爲適應有密切關係。(3)父母教養態度對子女的內外控品質有極重要的影響，「愛護」的態度似有助於內控信念之發展，有正相關，而「拒絕」態度的效應則適相反。(4)本研究之結果，多部分與以往國內外研究所得頗爲一致。

This is a part of a three year longitudinal study on the physical and psychological development of Chinese school pupils. The revised form of Nowichi-Strickland Locus of Control for Children was administered to students from 4th to 12th grade while its simplified form was given to the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd graders. The findings were: (1) The belief of internal control increased with age among Chinese school children. (2) The score of internal control belief had significantly positive correlation with self acceptance and emotional maturity, but it correlated negatively with neuroticism. (3) Parental child-rearing practices perceived by children were found to have significant influence on the belief of internal control of the latter; and as far as such influence was concerned, father-child relationships seemed to have equal importance as mother-child relationships.