本研究的目的在探討我國國中益智班學生的家長社經地位、家庭教育環境，以及家庭成員之態度。實地調查分別在民國62年及69年實施。62年調查對象為台北市十二所國中的全部益智班學生299人，及274人國中普通班學生（比較組）。69年調查對象為台北市二十所國中的全部益智班學生657人，及657人普通斑學生。調查內容分成家庭狀記、家庭教育環境、以及家庭成員對智能不足學生之認識及態度等三大部分。調查人員分別由各益智班教師、普通班導師，以及師大教心系同學担任。調查後，和普通班學生比較結果得知：(1)益智班學生的家長社經地位相當低劣。如父母教育程度以小學為主，職業以工人及小販為多，兄弟姊妹亦人數眾多。(2)其家庭教育環境相當不佳。如課外讀物及玩具稀少，旅遊經驗貧乏，以及受幼稚教育機會不多等等。(3)益智斑家長只有半數左右承認其子女為智能不足，而且還有三分之一希望子女繼續升學。總之，極須澈底執行社區小計劃，以便減少文化家族性智能不足兒童之發生率。

The present study was undertaken to compare the social-economic status and the home environment of both nonretarded and mentally retarded children (MR). In addition, the attitude of family toward the retarded children was investigated. The surveys were carried out twice, first in 1973 with the 299 MR subjects and then in 1980 with 657 MR subjects. An equal number of nonretarded students were selected as the comparative group. The main findings were as follows: 1) The social-economic status of MR group family were much poorer than that of the nonretarded group: The education level and median income level of the parents of the MR group were lower than those of the nonretarded group; the popularity density per living unit in the MR group family was greater than that in the non-MR group; and more parents of the MR group were employed in the unskilled jobs. 2) The deprivation of social and cultural experience for the MR group was more obvious than that of the nonretarded group. Specifically, the retarded students had poor experiences of traveling, had few toys and reading materials, and seldom had opportunity to attend kindergarten. 3) Only about half of the parents of the MR group recognized that their children were retarded; about one third of the parents hoped that their retarded children could attend senior high school after graduated from special classes. However, a small portion of parents rejected their retarded children. Clearly, the present study does suggest that specific enrichment or early education programs for socially disadvantaged children be necessary to reduce the prevalence of cultural-familiar retardation in the urban slum area of Taipei city.