17
/
1984 / 5
/
pp. 1 - 13
不同場地獨立性學生之空間關係能力、可暗示性及GSR活動的比較研究
An Experimental Study of Space Orientation, Suggestability and GSR between Field Dependents and Field Independents
作者
林清山 Chen-Shan Lin
*
(N/A)
林清山 Chen-Shan Lin
*
N/A
中文摘要
利用桿框檢驗儀(RFT)自80名大學生中選出26名「場地依賴組」學生和26名「場地獨立組」學生參加實驗,以考驗所提各項假設。研究者的基本假定為:受試者在場地獨立性方面的差異,不只是「人格」的差異,而且是「能力」的差異。
據此,本研究預測:(1)即使不呈現「方框」(frame),要求受試者單獨判斷「長桿」(rod)是否重力垂直時。場地依賴組的誤差角度就會顯然大於場地獨立組的誤差角度。(2)場地依賴組在空間關係測驗的得分低於場地獨立組的得分。(3)頻自己內部的主觀感覺來猜測自己GSR波形的實際升降情形時,場地依賴組猜對的機會要低於場地獨立組。實驗結果,前兩個假設得到支持,後一個假設則否。
基於上述基本假定,本研究者又進一步預測:(1)場地依賴組因受暗示而發生自發運動錯覺(autokinetic illusion)的人數百分比要高於場地獨立組的該項百分比。(2)場地依賴組受檢端與沿岸試而發生的GSR改變量。實驗結果,後一假設得到支持,前一假設則否。
經檢討實驗的過程後,這些實驗證據被解釋為較有利於支持本研究者「場地獨立性的差異根本上就是受試者對自己內部狀態了解能力之差異」的說法。
英文摘要
Twenty-six field dependents and twenty-six field independents, based on their performance on the Rod-and-Frame Test, were selected as subjects for the present study. They participated in experiments which were designed to test hypotheses derived from the author´s main assumption that the difference shown in the measures of field dependency is mainly due to difference in the ability of space orientation or the ability to utilize bodily experiences. The findings were as follows: (1) Even in the absence of the frame, the mean error score was significantly greater for field dependents than that for field independents, when they were asked to adjust the rod in dark box to be upright. (2) The mean test score of Space Relationship for field dependents was significantly lower than that was for field independents. (3) Under the suggestion of the experimenter through minimal discourager ("Oh, my!") and minimal encourager ("uh-huh!"), field dependents showed significantly larger GSR deflection than field independents did. These evidence could be seen as positively supported the author´s assumption. Two other hypotheses, however, were not supported. Being asked to guess the "up" and "down" of their own GSR waves, field dependents missed no more than field independents did. And the percentage of subjects who had experience of autokinetic illusion among field dependents was not significantly higher than that was among field independents. Thus, some possible causes of this part of result and ways of possible improvement for further study were discussed.