本文對人本途徑之重要基本假設加以檢視，並探討其對行政之可能意涵。此一由卡爾羅傑斯所創立之途徑乃建立於以下兩項基本假設之上：(1)人乃是一不斷尋求建設性發展之有機體，其在本質上是可信賴的，以及(2)社會應協助個人成一個“如其所是的我”；應使其免於受任何外來強制力量之宰制。其於此一個假設而發展出之人本途徑，本質上實可謂極具革命性。 就其對行政之意涵而言，人本途徑主張組織成員間應有較公平之權力分享，並強調成員個人之成長及發展應受到最高度之重視。此一途徑亦主張組織成員感覺與情緒之表達應被允許受到鼓勵。由於其對人性民主具有極真誠之關懷，人本途徑實可對現今之行政理論與實踐提供極有意義之啟示與指導。 然而，由於羅傑斯未能從根本面對並處理組織中有關宰制與操控之問題，此一途徑面臨了可能被利用為工具以操縱員工之危險。人本途徑與對此問題有一更深入之處理以期避免此一困境。

In this paper, Rogers’ perception of man and h is views on the role of society are examined. The author indicates that the foundation blocks of the person-centered approach are the assumptions that (1) man is at core a trustworthy organism striving toward constructive development and (2) the individual should be freed from the domination of any agency outside himself. The author also agrees that Rogers’ person-centered approach is revolutionary in nature. The person-centered approach advocates more equal power-sharing among organizational members; emphasizes the importance of personal growth and development; and pays special attention to the feeling side of organizational life. Because of its humanistic and democratic nature, the person-centered approach can have significant implications for the field of administration. However, since Rogers fails to deal with the problems of domination and manipulation at a more fundamental level, the “revolutionary” person-centered approach faces the danger of being used as a tool to manipulate employees. Further treatment of the problems of domination, contradiction and deprivation seem necessary if the approach is to escape this dilemma.

卡爾羅傑斯;人本途徑;基本假設;行政