《詩》三百之中,風體詩超過半數,然而因為《詩序》特別強調風教道德之關係,致使朱熹進而以數十篇風體詩為「淫詩」,而與孔子「思無邪」之說相去甚遠。逮〈孔子詩論〉一出,由於該篇是目前所見最早之論詩專作,因而特別受到學界之重視。同時又因為戰國竹簡中,還存在多言詩歌、性情以及禮義間相互關係之資料,所以此時正是重新研究「風教」內涵意義之良機。總計重探截至《詩序》時期為止的「風教」內涵意義工作,可分為三階段,本文乃繼〈論邦(國)風中「風」之本義〉之後的研究,日後則尚有〈論「孔子詩論」到「詩序」的風教思想〉之延續研究。本文旨在透過〈孔子詩論〉總論對〈邦風〉之評議,以探究〈孔子詩論〉對於「風」體詩本義之承繼,藉此以明「風教」之深層意義。前言之部分,先論述本文之研究動機、目的、範圍與步驟,乃位居「風教」探義之承先啟後階段性研究。繼而進入全文之主題,分別從以下四點探討〈孔子詩論〉對風體詩「風」本義之承繼:(一)以「萬民所樂為己樂」呈現作詩者之本心,(二)從「納物以呈現民性」彰顯風體詩的多元內容,(三)從「本於人欲以察民俗」彰顯風體詩的實用功能,(四)以「言文聲善」呈現「思無邪」之詩旨。最後,則以「風」詩之教本於人情義理,總結「風」體詩之「風教」內涵意義。
It was owing “Shishyuh(詩序) ” excessively emphasized moral culture, then Ju Shi (朱熹) thought there were so many sexually passionate poetry in Guorfeng-StylePoetry. Until “Confucius-Shilum” had been announced, which was specialized in poetry criticism, so there are many scholars pay much attention in this special theme. It is the time to combine “Confucius-Shilum” and many other Warring State Chu Slips, which talked much in human nature and sentiment, to renew civilized intercourse in GuorfengStyle-Poetry. This article bases on “Confucius-Shilum”to examine the civilized intercourse inheritance about Guorfeng-Style-Poetry from the original meaning of “Feng”. This article concludes in three parts: First, show this article is connected with “the original meaning of Feng in Guorfeng-Style-Poetry” then, make a simple preface to express the motives, purpose and discussing sequence of this article. Second, base on “Confucius-Shilum” to examine the civilized intercourse inheritance about Guorfeng-Style-Poetry from the original meaning of “Feng”. 1.To take people’s contentment as one’s own contentment/ the original mind of poet. 2.To express many dimensions of Guorfeng-Style-Poetry/accept every phenomenon to reflect the human nature. 3.To express the practical faculty of Guorfeng-Style-Poetry/ explore the people’s desires and social customs. 4.To express the stylistic decorations and harmonious melody of Guorfeng-StylePoetry/reveal the innocence of main point in poetry. Third, make a conclusion.
孔子詩論; 風體詩; 風之本義; 與民豫之; 納物與民性; 人欲與民俗; 言文聲善
Confucius-shilum; Guorfeng-style-poetry; The original meaning of feng; Be content with his own people's; Express every phenomenon to reflect the human nature; Desires and social customs; Stylistic decorations and harmonious melody