自1970年代以來，在全球第三部門領域中的國際非政府組織與國內非營利組織的數目不斷增加，並且活躍在各種領域裡。然而，到了1980年代末期以後，全球的第三部門組織開始面臨發展上的挑戰。尤其是在資源有限、競爭激烈的環境中，第三部門組織如何能一方面爭取外部資源，另一方面又得維繫一定程度的公共性來確保內部價值，將會是組織能否永續經營的重要課題。箇中之關鍵，就在於第三部門組織是否能發展一套適當的「產業化」策略。有鑑於此，本研究擬重新探討第三部門產業化的理論基礎，包括了第三部門產業化的原因、理念、策略與基本架構，最後再佐以國際非政府組織「日本和平船」的策略，進一步分析國際非政府組織在面對產業化過程中的實踐與挑戰。

Since the 1970, the amount of non-governmental organizations and non-profit organizations (namely, the third sector) has been increasing in a rapid pace. Various actors from the third sector have provided an alternative practice of public governance. However, in the late 1980s, these organizations had encountered difficulties in introducing resources vis-à-vis maintaining the publicness. Some organizations began to initiate projects of commercialization in order to preserve the organizational sustainability. For these organizations, to consider a new strategy incorporating with new resources and given non-profit principles is needed. This paper aims to deal with the theoretical basis of commercialization of international non-governmental organization, including the causes, ideas, practices as well as challenges. By delineating the experience of Peaceboat, this Japan-based INGO presents a successful story of strategic commercialization on the strength of combining tourism and peace education in a global context.

第三部門;國際非政府組織;非營利組織;產業化;日本和平船;治理

the third sector;international non-governmental organization;non-profit organization;commercialization;Peaceboat;governance