蔡元培的一生，適逢中西文化價值衝突最劇烈的歷史階段，在清末民初知識階層的轉型時期裡，見證了由傳統士紳向新型知識分子過渡的知識菁英轉型的過程。他既對舊學與文化傳統有深刻的理解，但同時又積極走向世界，意圖改變現狀，並以新式知識分子的姿態自居。蔡元培的思想，反映出這一時期文化轉型時期知識分子在文化心態上的焦慮與價值意向上的兩難困境──無法割捨傳統，又必須正視中國學術轉型的現實。他的知識構成、文化心態與價值取向，都具有鮮明的文化轉型時期知識分子的典型特徵。本文將以蔡元培的「廢讀經」及「世界教育」思想為主軸，分析蔡元培的文化心態，以釐清清末民初士林風氣移易之際，知識分子的文化認同與焦慮。

Cai Yuanpei （1868-1940） grew up in Late Qing Dynasty. He was educated by the traditional Confucius Classics education. However, Cai yuanpei was one of the pioneers in the revolution of Chinese education. In the conversion of intellectual structure in the early 20th century China society, Cai yuanpei was a typical intellectual. The article provides a historical overview of intellectual culture transition from late imperial China to early Republican period. Then this article investigates the general relationship of the modern academic disciplines construction. Then the article explores how the modern academic disciplines developing in early Republican period by analyzing Cai Yuanpei’s thought.

蔡元培;讀經;民初;儒學

Cai Yuanipei; Confucian Classics education; Early Republican period; Confucianism