胡適在推行白話文運動時提出的種種論述，充滿了衝突與矛盾。以胡適推行白話文的用心來看，這些論述上的衝突，極有可能是面對不同情境而作出的反應。因此，本研究廣泛閱讀眾多文集、日記、書信、時論等，從胡適的思想內部著手，仔細梳理這當種的種種不一致之處。針對白話文的定義與特質、白話文與文言文價值問題，以及語言鍛鍊等面向，逐步分析胡適提倡白話文的理由。進而找出在眾多推行白話文的理由中，最終能夠不矛盾的論據。本文發現，胡適對於白話文運動的論述之所以產生混亂，乃因他基於推行運動的立場，將白話與文言絕然對立。若回到學理本身的討論，最終能夠找到不再與其它論述衝突的理由，則在於必須鬆動白話與文言的二元對立。如此，不但能夠保有胡適論述上的合理性，某種程度上來說，也符合胡適身處的歷史情境。

The various discourses proposed when Hu Shi followed out Vernacular movement are full of conflicts and contradictions. According to the intention of Hu Shi of carrying out Vernacular, it is very possible that the conflicts in these discourses were responses to diverse situations. Based on Hu Shi’s internal thoughts, this research extensively studies many essays, diaries, letters and criticisms to probe into the manifold in-uniformities, and further find out the basis of argument that leads to the least incompatibilities. We will discover that the reason why Hu Shi’s discourses on Vernacular movement result in confusion is due to his position to promote the movement was in accordance with the absolute opposition between Vernacular and Classical Chinese. When turning to the discussion of the academic theory, the cause that does not contradicts with other discourses lies at loosen the Dual opposition between Vernacular and Classical Chinese. In this way, not only the rationality of Hu Shi’s discourses is maintained, to some extent, it conforms to his historical context.

胡適;白話文運動;文學革命;文言文;新文化運動

Hu Shi; Vernacular movement; Literary revolution; Classical Chinese; New culture movement