目標：針對12歲以下病童，分析上呼吸道感染患者的單純疱疹病毒第一型檢出率。提供單純疱疹病毒第一型流行病學的基本資料，以了解台灣單純疱疹第一型病毒檢出率與月份、年齡、性別、及發病日的關係。方法：1997年1月1日至1996年6月30日期間，收集臺北、臺中及臺南三地區各級醫療院所，12歲以下病童，上呼吸道感染患者的咽喉拭子檢體。藉由MDCK及H292細胞進行病毒培養並以免疫螢光染色方法鑑定病毒。結果：檢體總數3473件，4.6%來自醫學中心，6.7%來自區域醫院，5.0%來自地區醫院，83.7%的檢體來自私人診所；844件病毒陽性檢體中116件為單純疱疹病毒第一型，平均檢出率為3.3%。不同規模醫療院所的檢出率並沒有顯著的差異，但是北、中及南區的檢出率不同。確定病例中，1至3歲的孩童所佔比例最高(5.0%)。單純疱疹病毒第一型全年都可能被分離出來，1998年8月和9月的檢出率分別為22.9%和11.8%較其他月份高。此外，於發病5日內採檢，不同發病日之檢出率並無差異。結論：臺灣地區急性上呼吸道感染病童受到單純疱疹病毒第一型感染佔有一定的比例，所以在傳染病防治系統上值得重視。

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between isolation rate of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSY-l) and season, age of the child, gender, and disease day and we intend to provide basic epidemiological information about children with respiratory infection caused . by HSV -1. Methods: From January 1997 to June 1999, throat swab specimens were collected from children under twelve years with suspected upper respiratory tract infection. Samples were I collected from medical centers, area hospitals, local hospitals and private clinics in Taipei, Taichung and Tainan. MDCK and H292 cells line were used for viral isolation; immunofluorescence stain was used to identify HSV-l. Results: A total of 3473 specimens were collected during this period. About 83.7% of the isolates were collected from private clinics, 6.7% from area hospitals, 5.0% from local hospitals and 4.6% from medical centers. There were 844 positive viral isolation including 116 cases of HSV-1. The average isolation rate of HSV -1was 3.3%. Isolation rates of August (22.9%) and September (11.8%) in 1998 were higher than the rest. Isolation rates between the hospitals of different accredited levels were similar. The age distribution of HSV -1 positive cases showed the patients between 1-3 years had the highest incidence rates (5.0%). The isolation rate between first day to fifth day after symptoms begun showed no significant differences. Conclusions: These results imply that HSV-1 plays an important role in causing acute respiratory infection in children. Infectious disease surveillance system should pay more attention to HSV-l.

單純疱疹病毒第一型；十二歲以下病童；上呼吸道感染；流行病學資料

Herpes simplex virus type 1; children under twelve years; upper respiratory infection; epidemiological information