目標：探討母親抽菸對於嬰兒低出生體重影響之研究,已得到幾乎一致的結論。但二手煙暴露的影響則未定論，在台灣針對此問題加以探討者不多，本研究對於此問題進行初步探討。方 法：資料來源為台灣公共衛生學會於民國83年10月1日至民國85年9月30日所進行之「高壓輸電線電磁場暴露與汐止鎮居民健康效應之流行病學研究」計劃。該研究以問卷訪視收集居民健康相關資料。運用此資料，本研究針對懷孕時居住在汐止鎮15歲以上之婦女，探討母親抽菸及二手煙暴 露(即配偶抽菸)對其產出低出生體重嬰兒之影響。結果：符合條件之分析對象共2074位婦女，其中，4.9%抽菸，61.4%有二手煙暴露。分析結果顯示，母親抽菸者嬰兒低出生體重危險性較高，但不顯著(危險比OR=1.63，95%可信限0.65-4.07)；二手煙暴露量愈高，產出低出生體重嬰兒之機會隨之增加，特別是配偶每日抽菸>=21支者有顯著較高之危險性(危險比OR=3.16,95%可信限1.38-7.21)。結論：母親抽菸有增加嬰兒低出生體重之可能性，高強度之二手煙暴露則為應注意之顯著危險問題。建議進行衛生教育時，加強避免暴露於二手煙之介入教育。

Objectives: Many studies have suggested that maternal smoking is a risk factor for low birth weight (LBW). The effect of environmental tobacco smoking (ETS) on LBW remains controversial. While few studies on these issues have been conducted in Taiwan, we initiated a preliminary study in Hsi Chih. Methods: In the survey on low frequency magnetic field and health effect in Hsi Chih, women aged 15 years and above were interviewed for information about reproductive health and life style in regard to smoking and secondary hand smoking. Risks for LBW were investigated among women who were living in Hsi Chih during the first pregnancy. Results: Among the 2074 eligible women living in Hsi Chih when they were pregnant, 4.9% were smokers and 61.4% were exposed to ETS. Maternal smoking contributed to the elevated risk of LBW but not significant (odds ratio (OR) =1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65-4.07). Compared to the women with non-smoking spouses, the OR for having LBW births is 3.16 (95% CI 1.38-7.21) for women with smoking partners who smoke 21 or more cigarettes daily. Conclusion: This study suggests that pregnant women need education to be aware of the fact that heavy ETS exposure is a risk factor of giving LBW infant.

母親抽菸,二手煙,低出生體重

maternal smoking,passive smoking,low birthweight