目標：目的在探討運動介入對社區中老年人體適能、運動態度之影響。方法：採類實驗研究設計，研究對象以台北市士林區某里55至74歲中老年人，篩選無規律運動者，介入組及對照組每組各40名，介入組進行12週的運動介入，對照組不做運動介入。研究工具包括體適能測量及結構式問卷，使用重複測量變異數分析以評估運動介入之成效。結果：介入組經過12週運動介入後，運動態度方面：介入組由36.2分增加為41.1分(P<0.001)；而對照組則無顯著差異。在體適能方面：心肺耐力指數由56.6增加為70.9(P<0.001)，平衡感由10.5秒增加為13.4秒(P=0.004)，肌力由26.0公斤增加為26.6公斤(P=0.043)，肌耐力由16.1次增加為18.0次(P<0.001)，柔軟度由28.6公分增加為31.5公分(P=0.038)，反應性由22.3公分降為17.9公分(P=0.084)，身體組成則未達顯著差異；而對照組則無顯著差異。結論：研究結果顯示經由12週全適能有氧運動介入能有效提昇中老年人運動態度及體適能。

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise intervention regarding exercise attitudes and physical fitness among elderly adults without regular exercise. Methods: The researchers utilized a quasi-experimental design. The study subjects were elderly adults with the age of 55 to 74 and recruited from the Shihlin district of Taipei. Participants without regular exercise were divided into intervention and non-intervention groups. Subjects in the intervention group attended a 12-week exercise program, while subjects in the non-intervention group did not attend. The measures included a structured questionnaire and physical fitness test. Repeated-measures ANOV A tests were employed to evaluate the impact of exercise intervention. Results: After the 12-week exercise program, the total score of exercise attitude in intervention group was changed from 36.2 to 41.1 (P＜O.OOI) but there was no significant difference in non-intervention group. The cardiac endurance index but there was no significant difference in non-intervention group. The cardiac endurance index was enhanced from 56.6 to 70.9 (P＜O.OOI); balance from 10.5 and 13.4 sec (P=0.O04); muscle strength from 26.0 to 26.6 kg (p == 0.043); muscle endurance from 16.1 to 18.0 times (P＜0.001); flexibility from 28.6 to 31.5 cm (P=O.038); and agility from 22.3 to 17.9 cm (P=O. 084). However, the body component did not show significant change (P=O.346) after the 12week exercise intervention. Conclusions: The results indicat that a 12-week exercise intervention program was effective to improve exercise attitude and the physical fitness of the elderly adults.

中老年人；運動介入；體適能

elderly adults; exercise intervention; physical fitness