台灣近年來疑似工作過度而猝死的事件頻傳，政府為因應此職災認定爭議，陸續參考日本規範，頒布修訂相關認定指引。本研究採文獻回顧與政府統計分析，旨在回顧日本過勞職災認定爭議的發展歷程，描述歷年職災認定狀況，最後探討日本對於過勞問題所採的預防策略。我們建議，台灣應參考日本經驗，檢討當前職災認定標準與程序；針對工時規範與工時過長工作者的健康管理，應修改相關法規，使雇主與醫師能落實預防責任；政府並應整理並公布職災認定相關統計資料，以利外部監督。我們亦應留意日本過勞政策之缺失，以期建立更好的規範。

In Taiwan, cases of sudden death linked to overwork are a growing concern. The government has adopted several Japanese regulations and guidelines which concern the recognition of and compensation for work-related injuries and diseases that are due to overwork. Based on the literature and analyses of official statistics from the worker's compensation system in Japan, we examined the development of policies concerning the recognition and prevention of overwork hazards in Japan. Based on this review, we suggest that Taiwan should reduce the barriers for workers' compensation by revising the criteria for the recognition of work-related diseases. Regulations concerning working hours and the health management of workers with prolonged working hours should also be improved. In addition, statistics and the related content of workers' claims for compensation should be made public. Taiwan should also be aware of and avoid the limitations of the Japanese approach.

工作壓力；職業傷病；職災補償制度；預防；日本 ；

job stress; occupational injuries and diseases; worker's compensation; prevention; Japan