目標：本研究以三合一疫苗及流感疫苗為例,分析不同社經族群兒童疫苗接種率的差異。方法：資料來自台灣出生世代研究，共20,099名同時完成6個月齡及18個月齡家訪之兒童，完訪率為83.4%。依變項為有無接種三合一疫苗及流感疫苗，其中三合一疫苗又分任何三合一疫苗及新型三合一疫苗兩種;社經變項有父母親教育程度、家庭收入,以及居住地都市化程度。結果：三合一疫苗及流感疫苗的總接種率，分別為97.1%及59.9%。利用羅吉斯複迴歸分析控制兒童性別、母親國籍及生育年齡後發現:高社經地位兒童的新型三合一疫苗接種率為低社經地位兒童的2倍 (p<0.001)，但高低社經地位兒童的流感疫苗接種率則在家庭月收入70,000元以上，以及居住於縣轄市/鎮、直轄市及省轄市的差異達顯著水準。結論：本研究再次確認社會經濟 地位影響兒童疫苗接種。疫苗效力及列為常規疫苗乃提高疫苗總接種率的關鍵，而免費接種疫苗則是縮小不同社經族群之間疫苗接種率差異的重要策略。

Objectives: This study aims to examine the social disparity of child vaccination in Taiwan using both of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine and influenza vaccine as examples. Methods: Data for the analysis came from the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study. We included 20,099 children who completed interview surveys at both 6 months and 18 months old, with a response rate of 83.4%. The dependent variables were whether vaccinated with DTP (any DTP or DTaP) and influenza vaccine; the independent variables used were parents' educational attainment, monthly family income, and urbanization of residential areas. Results: The vaccination rate of any DTP vaccine and influenza vaccine reached 97.1% and 59.9%, respectively. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that: after controlling children’s sex, maternal nationality and age at birth, the odds ratio of taking DTaP vaccine was two times higher for the highest socioeconomic groups than that of their lowest counterparts (p＜0.001), while the influenza vaccination rates were higher only in the groups of the highest family income group and higher urbanization. Conclusions: Our study reconfirmed that socioeconomic status affects childhood vaccination. The efficacy of vaccine and compulsory vaccination policy play an essential role in increasing coverage rate of childhood immunization, and free of charge could be an important strategy to tackle disparities of childhood immunization across different socioeconomic groups.

兒童；疫苗接種；社經差異

children; vaccine immunization; socioeconomic disparity