臺灣的跨國婚姻移民主要包括中國大陸及東南亞國家的外籍女性配偶，政府為「杜絕利用假結婚之名來臺工作或從事不法情事」，於2003年實施大陸配偶面談政策。本研究透過外籍與大陸配偶生活需求調查，探討面談政策實施對新移民女性之人口組成，及其來臺後勞動參與、生養育子女等生活情形之影響。實證結果發現，面談政策後來臺的大陸籍女性組成相對年輕、初婚比例較高，但面談政策提高生養育子女及與公婆同住的機率，減少參與勞動市場、取得證照和保險，顯示面談政策有效遏止假結婚，但可能不利於新移民女性長期融入臺灣社會或其經濟自主。

Most of Taiwan’s transnational marriage migrants are brides from China and Southeast Asia. To prevent “fake marriages” and illegal work, the Taiwanese government introduced the Chinese bride interview policy in 2003. Using two waves of data from the Survey of Foreign and Chinese Spouses’ Living Requirements, we investigated the impact of the Chinese bride interview policy on the composition, labor supply, fertility, and other living conditions of new immigrant women. Our empirical results reveal that the interview policy attracted younger women, who were more likely to be married for the first time. The interview policy increases fertility and co-residence with in-laws but has negative impacts on participation in the labor market and obtaining licenses and insurance. These results indicate that the interview policy may have successfully prevented “fake marriages” but may be harmful to new immigrant women’s economic autonomy.

大陸配偶面談政策; 新移民女性; 勞動參與; 子女養育; 差異中之差異法

Chinese bride interview policy; new immigrant women; labor force participation; childcare; difference-in-differences