從齋教、日本佛教、漢傳佛教，一路演進為今日印順法師所倡導之人間佛教，是臺灣佛教發展史的縮影。新竹縣新埔鎮客家徐氏家族的德妙法師與致中法師是重要的佛教人物，他們所開拓、經營之南投靈山禪寺起於日治時期的齋教，一度附於日本佛教曹洞宗，再經漢傳佛教，最後轉而為現代人間佛教的道場。1958年，德妙法師將1936年草創的簡陋道場，重建為頗具規模的靈山禪寺，用心規劃大雄寶殿，妥善設計楹柱聯語，使成為南投名間鄉一所知名且有特色的佛教道場。1987年承繼靈山禪寺住持的是德妙法師侄子致中法師，他深受印順法師人間佛教思想的啟發，在原有厚基上，成立悲廣文教基金會、舉辦各種研習營、興建「正觀學處」、辦理禪修營、出版與發行《正觀》、設立德妙佛學資料中心等多元弘法利生志業，進而使該寺從傳統佛教走向現代人間佛教。靈山禪寺的演進，可說是認識與瞭解臺灣佛教從齋教一路隨時代發展而轉化為當今實踐人間佛教的範例之一。

The history of Buddhism in Taiwan is characterized by the development of Chinese religions of fasting, Japanese Buddhism, and Eastern Buddhism to Humanistic Buddhism advocated by Master Yinsun. Grown from the Hakka Hsu family at Hsinpu, Hinschu County, Master De-miao and Master Chih-chung are two significant Buddhists. They established and managed Lingshan Temple in Nantou which originated from Chinese religions of fasting during the period of Japanese rule, and then followed Soto Zen Buddhism in Japan as well as Eastern Buddhism. It is currently a site for Humanistic Buddhism. Lingshan Temple was originally a simple vegetarian restaurant built in 1936 and it was devotedly reconstructed by Master De-miao in 1958. He carefully organized the Main Hall and designed the couplet on the pillars, making it a famous and distinctive site of Buddhism. In 1987, Master Chih-chung, the nephew of Master De-miao, inherited the abbot of Lingshan Temple. Deeply inspired by Master Yin-shu’s Humanistic Buddhism, Master Chih-chung founded the Beiguang Cultural and Educational Foundation based on the original concept of Buddhism. He held various study camps and also established the Chengguan School. Additionally, he organized meditation camps, established the JhengGuang Magazine which published articles on Satyābhisamaya: A Buddhist Studies Quarterly, and the Demiao Buddhist Information Center to advocate for Buddhism and benefit human life. These actions transformed the temple from traditional Buddhism to modern Humanistic Buddhism. The development of Lingshan Temple is one example which helps people understand how Buddhism in Taiwan evolved from Chinese religions of fasting to Humanistic Buddhism through changes in time.

齋教; 印順法師;靈山禪寺; 德妙法師; 致中法師

Chinese Religions of Fasting; Master Yin-shun; Lingshan Temple; Master De-miao; Master Chih-chung