本文主旨在研究日治前期，以西方獸醫學為學習核心之臺灣近代獸醫的誕 生及其社會功能，並嘗試透過近代獸醫的培訓、就業與職掌，探看19世紀末期以 降臺灣社會對動物管理方式和態度的變化。臺灣近代獸醫的正規教育在1900年前 後產生於農事試驗場，雖因入學和畢業條件日趨嚴格，獸醫科畢業生逐年遞減， 但也促成1912年獸醫科畢業生隨即領有獸醫執照的新制度。再者，由於動物相關 法制的訂立和執行，農學或獸醫講習生既已為成年人且協助獸醫執行公權力，故 使臺灣社會對動物在防疫衛生、定期檢疫、肥育配種、屠獸方式和飲食安全（食 肉衛生）等層面，均產生正向之變化。然而，臺灣人不習慣新式動物管理方式， 自有變通之法或隱匿不報；有賴獸醫等行政人員實地檢查要求和教育誘導，方逐 漸改變臺灣的動物畜養環境和臺灣人對家畜的態度。在動物管理方式的演進上， 也呈現出臺灣人的殖民生活中近代化與傳統習慣糾結的一面。此外，不被官方視 為專業的臺灣傳統獸醫和閹業者們，其社會地位和職業發展生涯不僅受到官方壓 抑，他們被臺灣人關注的程度也相對降低。

This article studies the rise of modern veterinarian profession in Taiwan and its social functions in the era of early Japanese rule, and explores the changes in Taiwanese popular attitude toward animal management after the late 19th century. In 1890s, formal education for modern veterinarians in Taiwan emerged in the agricultural experiment stations. While the increasingly stringent conditions for admission and graduation led to a decline in the number of graduates in veterinary medicine over the years, the formal education did create a new system in 1912 in which graduated veterinary medicine students automatically earned a veterinarian license. As animal-related laws came into being, adult-aged agronomy students began assisting veterinarians in enforcing those laws, pushing Taiwanese society to adopt epidemic prevention, regular quarantine, fattening, mating, slaughter, and food hygiene of animals. However, many Taiwanese were not accustomed to the new animal management methods and had their own methods of adaptation or concealment. This required tireless inspections and instructions by veterinarians and other administrative personnel, so as to gradually reshape the attitudes towards livestock among the Taiwanese. The above process also exemplifies the tangle of modernization and traditional customs in Taiwan’s colonial life. In the meantime, traditional Taiwanese veterinarians and the gelding industry, which were not regarded as professional or modern by the Taiwan Governor’s Administration, were suppressed by the authorities and gradually ignored by the Taiwanese.

畜牧; 農產; 農事試驗場; 獸疫; 畜產組合

stock farming; agricultural product; agricultural experiment station; epizooty; livestock industry association