突厥於西元552年取柔然而代興,建立突厥遊牧國家,突厥不僅活躍於蒙古高原,中亞也在其控制之下,其勢力範圍還曾經一度到達裏海的北方。後於西元583年中亞的突厥獨立而出,便稱蒙古高原的突厥為東突厥,而本文所探討的便是指東突厥而言,東突厥的歷史發展可分為三期:突厥第一汗國時期(552-630)、唐羈縻時期(630-679)、突厥第二汗國時期(682-744)。另外由於突厥是北亞遊牧民族首先創造文字,並用以記載自己的歷史,因此可將之視為北亞史上「文明化」的濫觴。文中除了探討東突厥的政權興衰之外,還從其文化如文字、碑銘、信仰、葬制、佛教等方面,去探究東突厥各個面向的發展。

In 552A.D., the Tu-jue(突厥)replaced the Rou-ran(柔然)to set up the Turkish Nomadic Empire, the Tu-jue controlled not only Mongolia but also Central Asia, even the north of Caspian Sea was under influence. When the Tu-jue of Central Asia gained independence in 583A.D., the Tu-jue of Mongolia was called Dong Tu-jue(東突厥), which history was divided into three periods:the first Turkish empire period(552-630A.D.)、 controlled by Tang Dynasty(唐朝,630-679 A.D.)、the second Turkish empire period(682-744 A.D.).Besides, Tu-jue was the first tribe to create written language by themselves, and used that to record their history, therefore which was considered the source of civilization in Northern Asia history. This essay is about the rose and declined of the Dong Tu-jue, and furthermore written language、epitaph、faith、funeral and Buddhism are integrated into that to research.

東突厥；文明化

Dong Tu-jue; civilization