臺灣的山地行政改革方案（1950-1954），應是戰後中華民國對臺第一個、 也是最重要的一個原住民族治理策略。該方案研擬過程為總統府幕僚研擬意見， 經臺灣省政府制定具體方案，最後由總統蔣中正批示後形成之政策方向。總統府 顧問陶希聖與參軍王民寧的意見，以原住民族與漢人間文化差異的歷史事實，提 出資源分配論、返山等觀念。臺灣省政府各廳處的意見還提出頗具有前瞻性的文 化歸化論、文化交流論等觀點。就山地治理的方針，省政府各廳處意見出現山地 行政一般化與一元化的歧見。持山地行政一般化意見者，認為應全面同化為一般 行政機構；持山地行政一元化者，有以警察為中心、山地行政與警務機構事權統 一，以及行政、軍事、警務事權統一等立場。本文以原住民族轉型正義的立場， 分析戰後初期臺灣山地行政改革案的歷程，希望政府尊重原住民族主體，推動平 埔族群的原住民族身分回覆、戰後原住民族土地歸還等議題。

The Mountain Administration Reform project, the first and a key turning point in the strategy of governing indigenous peoples in Taiwan, was adopted by the Republic of China after World War II. The process of formulating this project, beginning with research by the staff of the Presidential Office, to planning by the various Taiwan provincial agencies, and finally to the desk of President Chiang Kai-shek, signaled the government’s initial position on its indigenous policy. At the suggestion of Tao His-sheng, Presidential Advisor, and Wang Min-ning, Presidential Chief-of-staff, the project considered the historical fact of cultural differences between indigenous people and the Han, and proposed resource distribution and going native. At the Taiwan provincial agencies, different viewpoints on cultural domestication and cultural exchange were debated while considering various policy options. On one side, the “generalization” option argued for a reshaping of indigenous administration into regular local government under the Republic of China. On the other, the “unified rule” option proposed a focus on police control in mountain administration, a combination of police and administrative affairs, and a joining of administrative, military and police agencies. This paper examines the formation of this early project from the perspective of indigenous transitional justice. It is hoped that such a historical review would remind our government to respect the subjectivity of the indigenous peoples and allow the Plains indigenous people to restore their identity and reclaim the land they had lost in postwar period.

原住民族主體論; 同化; 返山; 歷史不正義; 歷史社會學

Subjectivism of Indigenous Peoples; Assimilation; Going Native; Historical Injustice; Historical Sociology