本文探究日治時期臺灣獸醫教育學制的發展，據此理解臺灣獸醫證書的核發 原委和臺灣獸醫師的學歷培訓概要。 研究結果包括：一、呈現日治時期臺灣設有提供獸醫學教育的相關機構及 渠道，其各自的發展與異同互動。二、臺灣近代西式獸醫的教育，產生於1906年 臺灣總督府農事試驗場的獸醫講習生，後因課程質量逐漸提升，符合獸醫執業考 試科目（「獸醫開業試驗規則」）和獸醫教育指定科目（「獸醫蹄鐵工學則認可 請求方」），故自1912年起畢業生可不經國家考試，直接申請獸醫證書執照（獸 醫免許證），遂使臺籍獸醫人數快速增加。三、1919年「臺灣教育令」的實施， 開啟臺灣職業教育屬學校教育的學制，且建立多所農業相關學校；同年，類似職 業訓練機構的農事試驗場便停招講習生。四、各級農業相關學校雖有獸醫學的課 程，但在日治時期僅1932年起高雄州立屏東農業學校畜產科、1943年起臺南州立 臺南農業學校獸醫科和臺北帝國大學農學部獸醫學專攻，因課程條件符合法律規 範，其畢業生得免經國家考試而申請獸醫執照。五、自農事試驗場講習生於1923 年全部畢業，至1932年高雄州立屏東農業學校畜產科被政府「指定」可免試申請 執照，此十年間臺灣獸醫執照的發放速度銳減。換言之，被官方認可得免試的獸 醫學校，是影響著臺灣獸醫執照核發速度的要因。六、日治時期臺灣獸醫學制產 生變革的主要社會因素，在1910年代前是出自臺灣社會對獸醫的需求，而自1930 年代起則出於戰爭期間日本對獸醫的需求。

This article studies the development of veterinary education system in Taiwan during the Japanese colonial era. The purpose is to understand the origin of the issuance of veterinary certificates and the training of veterinarians on the island. Major findings of this research are the following: 1. Taiwan developed several institutions and channels that provided veterinary education during the Japanese colonial era. They shared certain similarities but also differences. 2. The education system of modern Western-style veterinarians in Taiwan began in 1906 by the veterinary trainees at the Agricultural Research Institute of the Taiwan Governor’s Office. The quality of their training gradually improved and came to meet the requirements of the government’s "Veterinarian License Test Rules" and “Study Principles of Veterinary and Hoof Repairer." After 1912 the trainees could obtain a Veterinarian License without passing national examination. This rapidly increased the number of veterinarians in Taiwan. 3. The implementation of the "Taiwan Educational Decree" in 1919 opened up the educational system to include vocational education and established a number of agricultural-related schools in Taiwan. As a result, the Agricultural Research Institute, which provided courses similar to those at the new schools, stopped its lecture system in 1919. 4. Although rural agriculture-related schools offered courses in veterinary medicine, only three departments’ graduates could apply for Veterinarian License without national examination before 1945. They were Animal Husbandry Department at the Pingtung Agricultural School in Kaohsiung (since 1932), Veterinary Medicine Department at the Tainan Agricultural School in Tainan (since 1943), and Veterinary Medicine Specialization of Agriculture Department at the Taipei Imperial University (since 1943). 5. The trainees at the Agricultural Research Institute had all graduated by 1923, and the graduates of Animal Husbandry Department at the Pingtung Agricultural School began to receive Veterinarian Licenses in 1932. During the ten years in between, the speed of issuing Veterinarian Licenses in Taiwan dropped sharply. In other words, the existence of an officially "designated" veterinary school was the main factor affecting the speed of issuing veterinary certificates in Taiwan. 6. Before the 1910s, the principal condition that brought about the aforementioned changes in Taiwan's veterinary education was the demand for veterinarians in the Taiwanese society; after the 1930s it was Japan’s demand for veterinarians during the war.

畜牧獸醫; 實業（職業）教育; 獸醫教育; 獸醫（師）; 農業學校

Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine; Vocational Education; Veterinary Education; Veterinarian; Agronomy Agriculture