描述性理論（或稱 E-型理論）是對「驢子代詞」（donkey anaphora）的 一種分析（如：伊凡斯（Evans，1977），韓牧（Heim，1990），尼爾（Neale， 1990））。此徑路常為人詬病的一點是無法解釋「主教句型」（bishop sentences）。 艾勃（Elbourne，2005）提出一套情境語義學（situation semantics）式的描 述性理論，並宣稱該理論不僅能解決傳統描述性理論在說明主教句型時的困 難，還能解釋另一種新的主教句型。本文旨在質疑艾勃的分析。我指出艾勃 的解法不但使用了未受約束的指代詞（unbound anaphora），且其對新的主教 句型的說明也並不適切。

Bishop sentences such as “If a bishop meets a bishop, he blesses him” have long been considered problematic for the descriptivist (or E-type) approach of donkey anaphora (e.g. Evans, 1977; Heim, 1990; and Neale, 1990). Elbourne (2005) offers a situational descriptivist analysis that allegedly solves the problem, and furthermore extends its explanatory coverage to bishop sentence with coordinate subjects. However, I throw serious doubts on Elbourne’s analysis. Specifically, I argue that the purported solution is committed to the use of unbound anaphora, and it cannot sustain the claimed empirical adequacy.

驢子代詞、E-型理論、情境語義學

donkey anaphora, E-type theory, situation semantics