中國欲與美國建立「新型大國關係」，是一種為了因應國際權力 重新分配的舉措。新權力結構一旦形成，中國在亞太地區的主導性將 不斷增大。在南海地區，中國持續擴張權勢，在占領的島礁上進行填 海造島及軍事部署，以改變原有態勢。面對聲索國的抗議，中國採取 威逼與利誘等手段，建構以中國為核心的區域強權。惟美國必然就此 採取制衡措施，以防止中國的壯大。故中、美權力競爭不可能創造出 和諧與共治的國際環境，而雙方在南海的競逐則仍無法跳脫權力平衡 的框架。

China wants to establish a “New Type of Great Power Relations” with the United States as a measure for redistribution of global power. Aiming to becoming the regional power in South China Sea along with traditional global players, the PLA has gradually increased its political and military influences in this region by reclaiming and militarizing islands. China uses a carrots and sticks policy, luring by economic benefits and threatening with its military presence, to silence sovereignty and claims to sovereignty by other states. In order to disrupt China’s rapidly increasing influence in the region, the U.S. must respond with counter measures to neutralize China’s actions. Therefore, military competition between China and the U.S. will not create a peaceful and cooperative environment in the South China Sea. In summary, the balance of power between China and the U.S. remains in stalemate.

南海;新型大國關係;反介入／區域拒止戰略;權力平衡; 新現實主義

South China Sea; New Type of Great Power Relations; Anti-Access/Area Denial; Balance of Power; Neo-Realism