中國自 1980 年代採取改革開放政策以後，外交與安全思維均產生 了基本的變化。本文首先將分析中國實施多邊外交的原因與實踐，其 次回顧國際關係理論中的多邊主義概念，最後將其與中國多邊外交在 周邊地區的實踐結果作比較，以探討西方理論在中國的實踐轉化。本 文的主要發現在於中國外交已經推行了一種具有中國特色的靈活多邊 主義：以多邊鞏固主權；這與多邊主義的本質已有不同，其理論與實 踐意涵，值得長期持續地關注。

China’s diplomatic and security thinking have undergone a fundamental change since its adoption of reform and opening policy in the 1980s. This article first analyzes the causes and practices of China’s multilateral diplomacy after the 1980s. It is followed by an examination of the concept of multilateralism in international relations theories. Finally, this paper applies the concept of multilateralism to China’s practice of multilateral diplomacy in its neighboring areas, and then compares the concept and China’s practice to see how this concept has been practiced in China. The major finding of this paper is that China has developed a flexible practice of multilateralism with Chinese characteristics, through which China can consolidate its sovereignty. This is quite contrary to the traditional western thought of multilateralism, and it is an important area worthy of further investigation.

中國外交;外交戰略;多邊外交;多邊主義;睦鄰外交

Chinese Foreign Policy; Diplomatic Strategy; Multilateral Diplomacy; Multilateralism; Good Neighboring Diplomacy