與地中海區域國家的關係是歐洲聯盟處理對外關係優先順序上僅 次於中東歐（CEE）國家者。自 1957 年以來，歐洲共同體即在其共同 農業及商業政策下發展與該區域國家的經濟關係，1972 年歐體巴黎高 峰會議宣布「全方位地中海政策」，提供了雙邊關係發展之政策形成 基礎。該政策基本上是將地中海國家區分成兩種類型：一是作為歐盟 擴大之準會員國，一是北非及中東區域的地中海國家。1995 年歐盟執 委會提出「建立歐盟—地中海國家夥伴關係」之報告，其所指涉之國 家除希臘、西班牙、葡萄牙三國已於 80 年代分別加入歐體成為會員國 外，其他國家尚包括土耳其、賽浦路斯、馬爾他、阿爾及利亞、摩洛 哥、突尼西亞、埃及、約旦、黎巴嫩及敘利亞，此即學界習稱之「地 中海 12 國」（The Med12）。 本研究預計處理兩大面向之議題：一是歐盟發展合作政策的法律 基礎及援助型態；二是歐盟的地中海政策以及歐盟地中海夥伴關係的 內涵。期藉此了解歐盟與開發中國家合作的實質關係與面臨的問題。

The Mediterranean region is EU’s second highest external policy priority after the so-called Central and Eastern Europe countries. Since 1957, the European Community has developed economic relations with the Mediterranean non-member countries (MNC) under the framework of Common Commercial and Agricultural policy. In 1972 the Paris summit announced a “Global Mediterranean Policy” (GMP). The GMP produced a rather more coherent situation than had previously pertained and in particular, it differentiated between countries where association or association strategies were pursued like Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Malta, Spain and Portugal, and the Maghreb and Mashreq regions, where Cooperation Agreements were concluded, like Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. In 1955, the EU’s commission proposed an initiative for “Establishing a Euro-Mediterranean Partnership” (EMP). In terms of scope, the Partnership was to include the socalled “Med-12” except Greece, Spain and Portugal, which joined the EU in the 1980s. This study will evaluate two categories: first, the legal basis and the pattern of foreign aids of the EU’s development cooperation policy. And second, what is the EU’s Mediterranean policy, and what are the content of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership within this policy? Meanwhile, this study intends to understand the relations between EU and the developing countries.

歐洲聯盟;地中海政策;發展合作政策;對外關係

European Union; Mediterranean Policy; Development Cooperation Policy; External Relations