本文除了論述猪與猪肉在臺灣漢人農業生產與日常消費的重要性外，更試圖藉由分析十九世紀末期臺灣北部發達之生猪進口活動，說明清末開港活動對當地民眾之經濟與日常生活的影響。 　　本文研究顯示，清代臺灣猪隻的生產與消費活動發達。以十九世紀後期為例，養猪事業是臺灣最普遍的家庭副業，就商品價值而論，也是當時臺灣最重要的產業之一。造成生產活動興盛的主要原因，包括：養猪成本低廉、猪肉高度商品化、養猪活動有助於水稻作與旱作等農業生產等。但更重要的是臺灣民眾對於猪肉的珍視與嗜食，猪肉既是日常膳食材料，也是祭祀、宴會或餽贈的重要物品。 　　雖然猪隻的生產與消費活動發達，但在1880-1900年，臺灣北部卻從中國閩、浙沿岸大量輸入生猪，形成興盛的兩岸生猪貿易活動。依據本文分析，生猪貿易的出現與發展乃十九世紀末期臺灣北部開港後經濟轉型的重要特徵。它一方面顯示當時的臺北有通貨膨脹的現象，致使猪肉價格上漲；另一方面，也反映臺灣北部在開港及成為臺灣政治中心後，造成本地的農業生產體系發生變化，使猪隻生產減少，但猪肉的需求卻因民眾消費能力的提升而增加。由此顯示，十九世紀末期商品經濟的發展，已深刻影響民眾的日常生活。

Through tracing the emergence of pig trade in north Taiwan in the late 19th century, this article examines the importance of pigs and pork in the agricultural production and daily consumption of Han people in Taiwan; and more importantly, investigates the influence of the opening up of the port trade on the economy and living standard of local people in late-Qing Taiwan. This article shows that the production and consumption of pig had been flourishing in Qing Taiwan. Pig husbandry was the most popular household sideline, and its considerable commercial value made it an important business at that time. Factors accounting for the popularity of pig husbandry included the low cost of raising pigs for peasant households, the high commodification of pigs, and the contribution of pig rearing to rice cultivation. Another major reason is the Han's preference for pork. Not only was pork consumed a lot in daily diet of Han Taiwanese, it was also used at banquets and religious worships as well as sent as gifts. Despite the widespread production and consumption of pig on the island, north Taiwan also had swine imports from Fujian and Zhejiang between 1880 and 1900. This article argues that the emergence of pig trade was an important feature of the transformation of economy after the opening of ports in north Taiwan. On one hand, pork prices rocketed because of inflation; on the other hand, after the opening of ports, north Taiwan has become the political center, leading to restructure of its local agricultural production. While domestic pig husbandry decreased, the demand for pork increased as a result of rising local consumption with better financial conditions. In sum, this article shows that the development of commercial economy in north Taiwan in the late nineteenth century resulted in distinctive changes in the economy and daily life consumption of Taiwanese people.

猪;猪肉;開港;帆船貿易;日常生活消費;家庭副業

Pig; Pork; Port-opening; Junk Trade; Daily Consumption; Household Sideline