本文介紹〈馬尼拉手稿〉的內容與研究概況，並以手稿中對雞籠、淡水的記載為例，探討：1. 手稿中雞籠與淡水的人種描繪及其文字記載；2. 這些描繪與記載的「真實性」，引述相關文獻，從物質文化的角度，進行比較；3. 討論西班牙人想像中的雞籠人、淡水人形象及其隱喻。透過〈馬尼拉手稿〉中雞籠、淡水資料的性質與內容討論，指出這些資料與當時歷史脈絡的關係。 　　此外，藉由對雞籠、淡水個案的討論，對手稿作者與編輯年代等問題，亦可提供另一角度的思考。

This article explores how the Spaniards depicted the ethnic groups at Keelung and Tamchuy according to an anonymous manuscript which Charles Boxer named "Manila MS.". The manuscript is a late sixteenth-century Spanish work with over a hundred custom images of East Asia. Through bringing together related Chinese, Dutch, and Spanish primary sources on Taiwan's aboriginal documents in the early modern period, and analyzing the text and narrative structure of the Keelung and Tamchuy pictures, the author argues that the descriptions of Keelung and Tamchuy reflect the Spanish and Chinese perspectives on the trade and geopolitical situation of Taiwan waters in the late sixteenth century. The article concludes by outlining how the relationship between the Chinese, the Spanish, and aborigines in Taiwan developed and explains the circumstances facing the Spaniards in Taiwan waters during the 1590s.

馬尼拉手稿;雞籠人;淡水人;福建海商;地理認知

"Manila MS."; Cheylam; Tamchuy; Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas; Geographical Cognition