日治初土地調查證實，構成岸裡新社地域番租主體又是當地社番生計基本來源的社番口糧租屬於小租性質。此一事實打破了番租是大租性質之單一租佃安排的既定看法，迫使我們重新檢視社番口糧田租佃安排的性質以及根植於其上的族群關係與衝突。本文細究清代岸裡新社地域的番小租如何產生，如何與番大租區辨，彼此間又有何關連，並進一步追溯番小租演變的過程，說明租佃條件的變化及其所致生的番漢業佃糾紛。日治初土地調查的結果確認了岸裡社番小租的存在，並全面登錄其地籍資料。就此結果所保留的地籍普查數據，筆者加以整理，具體呈現其空間分布，並據以印證清代岸裡社古文書上所記載的番小租數額、性質與分布情形。

The cadastral survey data collected by the Japanese at the beginning of colonial rule revealed an atypical land tenancy of tribesman's ration plot in the Anli new territory. The land survey eventually confirmed, not without fierce dispute, that the rent collected from tribesman's ration plot was a kind of small-rent, in contrast to big-rent widely taken as an attribute of the aborigine land tenancy. As shown in the data, rent from ration plot constituted the bulk of aboriginal rent and was essential to tribesman's subsistence. Moreover, it forms the key to understanding ethnic relations and conflicts between aborigines and Hans in the region. Using Qing archives, this article explores the formation of aborigine small-rent land tenure in the Anli new territory and explicates its distinction from as well as relation with big-rent. Tracing the transformation of land tenancy in tribesman's ration plot, the author aims to illuminate the land dispute between aborigines and Hans as a consequence of changing tenancy terms. The cadastral survey data collected by the Japanese colonial government provide a detailed portrayal and make possible verification of figures, character, and location of Anli aborigine small-rent documented in Qing archives.

熟番地權;土地租佃安排;租佃條件;業佃糾紛;族群關係

Aborigine land rights; tenancy terms; tenancy dispute; ethnic relations