1949年前後因應中共即將全面控制中國大陸的形勢，許多上海商人帶著資金、技術、設備、人員與現代經營管理觀念移居香港與臺灣，中共政權指責此為遷廠逃資之行為。臺灣的上海商人在1970年代以前是臺灣產業界（尤其是輕工業重心的紡織業）的一大勢力，對臺灣自1960年代開始的經濟起飛提供重大貢獻。隨著時代變化，臺灣工商業界的外省商幫勢力有所衰頹，但上海傳統商人延續下來的一些企業集團目前仍在臺灣傳統與新興科技業佔有重要地位。1990年代政府開放大陸投資之後，上海商人以臺商角色重返大陸，近十年來由於政府執行戒急用忍政策，上海商人與其他臺商相同，再一次以經濟與產業存續為考量，對抗執政當局的政治與意識型態障礙。今日臺商之西進，對比當年上海商人的浮海東來，歷史何其弔詭。

Uncertainty and fear of Communist rule had driven many businessmen from Shanghai to shift to Hong Kong and Taiwan. Along with them came their capital, technology, equipment, human resources and modern concept of business manage- ment. In the eyes of the Communists, these Shanghai businessmen were like fugi- tives, running away with both money and facilities; while to the Taiwanese, they were contributors to the prosperous economic development of Taiwan. Their influence and status in both commerce and industry, though diminished with the lapse of time, remain strong. With the government of Taiwan allowing Taiwanese businessmen to invest in Mainland China in the 1990s, these businessmen originally from Shanghai became Taiwanese investors in the Mainland. Nevertheless, rather than adopting an encouraging attitude, the Taiwanese government posed barriers for investment in the Mainland due to political and ideological reasons. Despite so, businessmen from Taiwan, both native and of Shanghai origin, kept increasing their investment in their Mainland out of economic consideration and for sustainability of their business. The move of Taiwanese businessmen toward Mainland China mirrored the shift of their Shanghai counterparts to Taiwan around 1949 an irony in history.

上海商人;遷廠逃資;戒急用忍;臺商

Shanghai businessmen; investing in Mainland China; Taiwanese businessmen